Key Concepts of the Philosophy of Aristotle

1.

Key Concepts of the
Philosophy of Aristotle
Science, Metaphysics, and Logic

2.

Aristotle’s Life
Bust of Aristotle by
Lysippos from 330 BC
● He was a Greek philosopher and
polymath during the Classical period
in Ancient Greece.
● Aristotle provided a complex
synthesis of the various philosophies
existing prior to him.
● Aristotle's influence on logic
continued well into the 19th century.

3.

Greek philosophy timeline
Plato
Socrates
~ 424 – 348 BC
~ 470 – 399 BC
~ 497– 406 BC
Sophocles
~ 460 – 370 BC
Hippocrates
~ 384–322 BC
Aristotle

4.

Science,
Metaphysics,
and Logic
Aristotle rejected the idea of
Plato’s “Theory of the Forms,”
which stated that the idealized
essence of an object existed
apart from that object.

5.

The Five
Classical
Elements
Aristotle initially claimed
that everything was made
up of five elements: earth,
fire, air, water, and Aether.
335 BC
335-323 BC
Aristotle set up his own
school - the Lyceum.
Composed many of
his works.

6.

Four Causes
● Its material cause is what it is
actually made of.
● Its formal cause is how that
matter is arranged.
● Its efficient cause is where it
came from.
● Its final cause is its purpose.

7.

335 BC
By 335 BC, Aristotle had returned to Athens,
establishing his own school there known as the
Lyceum. He conducted courses at the school for the
next twelve years.