Bakhtiyar Yerkebulan

1.

Poverty as a Social
Phenomenon
Poverty is a complex social issue that affects individuals, families, and
communities worldwide. It encompasses a lack of access to basic
necessities, such as food, clean water, healthcare, and education, and
is often deeply rooted in economic, social, and political factors.
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2.

Defining and Measuring Poverty
Absolute Poverty
Relative Poverty
Multidimensional Poverty
Refers to a state of deprivation where
Compares an individual's or
Considers various factors beyond
individuals lack the minimum
household's economic status to the
just income, such as education,
resources for basic survival, such as
overall standard of living in a society,
health, and living standards, to
food, clean water, and shelter.
focusing on inequalities.
provide a more comprehensive
assessment of poverty.

3.

Causes of Poverty: Economic,
Social, and Political Factors
1
Economic Factors
Unemployment, low wages, lack of access to resources and
financial services, and unequal distribution of wealth and resources.
2
Social Factors
Discrimination, limited access to education and healthcare,
intergenerational poverty, and cultural norms that perpetuate
poverty.
3
Political Factors
Ineffective policies, political instability, corruption, and lack of
investment in social programs and infrastructure.

4.

Impacts of Poverty on
Individuals, Families, and
Communities
1
Health and Nutrition
Poverty can lead to
2
Education and
Opportunities
malnutrition, poor sanitation,
Poverty can hinder access to
and limited access to
quality education, limiting
healthcare, resulting in higher
educational and career
rates of illness and mortality.
opportunities and perpetuating
the cycle of poverty.
3
Social Exclusion
Individuals and communities experiencing poverty are often
marginalized and face social stigma, further exacerbating their
challenges.

5.

Useful Vocabulary
Destitution
Impoverishment
Extreme poverty
The process of becoming
characterized by a severe
poor or falling into a state of
lack of basic necessities and
poverty.
resources.
Deprivation
Indigence
The state of being denied or
The condition of being poor or
lacking access to essential
lacking the means to afford
goods, services, or
basic necessities.
opportunities.

6.

Addressing Poverty as a Shared
Responsibility
Policy Reform
Enacting policies and programs to promote economic development, social welfare, and equal
access to resources.
Community Involvement
Encouraging grassroots initiatives and community-based solutions to address the unique
needs of local populations.
Education and Empowerment
Investing in quality education and skill-building opportunities to break the cycle of poverty.