Харунов и Галиев Медицина

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Use of virtual and augmented reality in the medical field.
Review
Bagrad Galiev; Rishat Kharunov; Marat Mukhametov; Lydia Shekhtman;
Alexey Kovtunenko; Ural Karazbaev.
UFA 2024
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Use of virtual and augmented reality
in the medical field
This article examines the potential of using virtual and augmented reality
technologies for both training medical professionals and direct patient care. It
examines both the software and hardware required to implement these
technologies in the medical field.
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Introduction to Virtual Reality
What is VR ?
Application of VR
Virtual reality (VR) is a technology that creates a
VR has wide applications in various fields,
three-dimensional world into which the user is
including education, entertainment, medicine,
immersed using special devices such as
architecture and industry. It allows for safe
helmets and controllers. The main
exploration of high-risk areas such as surgery or
characteristics of VR are the effect of presence
flying an airplane, and offers new opportunities
and interactivity, allowing the user to feel part of
for entertainment and creativity.
the virtual space.
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Development of the virtual and augmented
reality industry
According to experts, the market for virtual and augmented reality products will
reach $80 billion by 2025, of which more than $5 billion will be related to medical
activities. This trend has further accelerated after the coronavirus pandemic of
2020.
Industry
VR/AR Market Share, 2025
Medicine
$5+ billion
Other industries
$75+ billion
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Application of VR/SR in medical education
Virtual surgical operations
Virtual dental surgeries
Improving diagnostics and skills
Virtual reality technologies allow future surgeons to
Similarly, VR technology is being used to train
The use of VR/SR in medical education allows
practice complex operations on the heart, lungs,
dentists. Instead of performing expensive and risky
students to better navigate anatomy, identify
spine and other organs without the risk of harming
mock surgeries on real patients, dental students
important diagnostic details, and develop the visual-
patients. The interactivity and immersion of such
practice their skills on virtual “patients.”
spatial skills needed to solve complex medical
simulations create the effect of complete immersion
problems.
in the surgical process.
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AR/VR Educational Tools
Medical Augmented Intelligence creates cutting-edge AR/VR tools to
train medical staff. Their BodyMap app provides a detailed model of
the human body, allowing you to interact with it and explore the
body's internal systems. The company has also developed "digital
twins" to train and engage patients in their care.
The BodyMap solution is compatible with popular VR devices such as
VIVE Pro, VIVE Cosmos, and PICO 4, and can also be used on
personal computers. Another company, Target, has created a VR
platform with modules for teaching dental radiography, general
diagnostics, and studying head and neck anatomy.
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Simulation of surgical operations in virtual
reality
The Osso VR platform is focused on practice with digital
tools used in musculoskeletal and spine surgeries. Using
this interactive platform, multiple surgeons can work
simultaneously on training tasks or practical procedures.
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Scanning and creating digital models of the
dental cavity
Eyecad-connect technology allows orthodontists and
dentists to perform real-time scanning without having
to look at a screen. Digital models obtained during
the procedure are instantly displayed in augmented
reality glasses.
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AR headset assistance when using
biopharmaceutical equipment
Augmented reality glasses from Apprentice
provide employees with constant access to upto-date information about drugs and equipment.
With their hands free, they can multitask: record
data, view instructions, and do their main work.
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VR/AR in patient therapy
Mobility Therapy
Virtual reality technologies can be used to treat diseases associated with limited patient mobility.
Psychological therapy
VR/AR are used to treat psychological and physiological diseases such as Parkinson's disease.
PTSD Therapy
Virtual reality is used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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Skiing in virtual reality
The company "Boxglass" presented a VR simulator that
recreates a ski slope. The technology combines the work of
a ski simulator with a virtual reality helmet, allowing children
to immerse themselves in a realistic skiing experience and
experience completely new emotions.
The use of virtual reality increases children's interest in
classes, increases their motivation and thus contributes to
the increased effectiveness of the entire rehabilitation course.
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VR Train Conductor Simulator and
Exercise Bike Using VR Glasses
The VR simulator from the company IViSystems simulates the work of a train
conductor. During the game, you need to interact with passengers, various
objects, move and say certain phrases.
This simulator carries out behavioral therapy. Develops social, everyday and
adaptive skills in controlled and safe conditions.
The VR exercise bike is a modified exercise bike connected to virtual reality
glasses. With its help, the user was able to make his workouts more interesting,
walking long distances in virtual space.
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AR simulator for restoring mobility after a
stroke
This complex uses augmented reality to help in the
rehabilitation of patients after a stroke. The gameplay
helps the patient direct virtual objects, thereby training
and restoring the mobility of the limbs. This
comprehensive approach using augmented reality
technologies shows good results in the rehabilitation of
patients after a stroke.
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VR for training with prosthetics
Motorika has introduced the ATTILAN virtual reality platform,
which helps patients master the use of hand prostheses in a
game format. Virtual rehabilitation significantly increases the
effectiveness of training due to the combination of motivating,
game and competitive elements.
The patient can control virtual objects directly with their
prosthesis, which is used as a regular game controller. The
system tracks every movement of the patient and provides
feedback, which contributes to a deeper immersion in the
virtual environment.
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Rehabilitation after stroke
Stroke causes motor impairment, paralysis, and other
problems due to brain damage. After a stroke, many
patients delay rehabilitation, which reduces the chances
of successful recovery. Early work with rehabilitation
specialists helps to quickly restore lost functions and
improve quality of life.
Moscow-based SensoMed (a Skolkovo resident) has
developed a training glove, Senso Rehab, that helps
effectively restore fine motor skills after a stroke.
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Advantages of Senso Rehab
Feedback
Remote Monitoring
The glove provides biofeedback,
Rehabilitation can be carried out
allowing the patient to see how their
under the remote supervision of a
body is responding.
rehabilitation physician.
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Conclusion
From the analysis of the described examples, we can conclude
that effective therapy using virtual and augmented reality often
requires additional equipment that can increase the patient's
immersion in the virtual world. Given the current situation on
the Russian market for such technologies, it is most
reasonable to create your own telepresence tools (controllers,
AR/VR helmets, neurointerfaces, suits), including specialized
ones focused on the medical field of application, as well as the
development of specialized software architectures, network
protocols and other information and communication tools for
organizing medical networks.
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