2.20M

Upravlenie-Riskami-v-IT-Proektah-Snizhenie-Neopredelennosti-i-Planirovanie-Uspeha

1.

'CD46?5A<5 <E>4@< 6 IT DB5>F4E: !A<65A<5
5BCD545?5AABEF< <
?4A<DB64A<5 'EC5E4
$45BFG 6OCB?A<?<:
GD4FB6 48<@
679A<= $B8<A
DGCCO: 7441

2.

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CDB9>F4 (A4CD<@9D, EDB><, EFB<@BEFP, >4G9EF6B <?< EB89D:4A<9).
1
2
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3
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CDB<;B=89F) < 6?<OA<5@ (CBE?98EF6<O, 9E?< EB5OF<9
CDB<;B=89F).

3.

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4.

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5.

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A4 CD98@9F GS;6<@BEF9=.

6.

F5=:4 $8E:>6: 4G5EF65==O9 8
>;8G5EF65==O9 =4;87
BE?9 <89AF<H<>4J<< D<E>< 8B?:AO 5OFP BJ9A9AO, KFB5O BCD989?<FP CD<BD<F9FO 6 GCD46?9A<<.
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A4?<; B:<849@B= 89A9:AB= EFB<@BEF< (EMV)
B89?<DB64A<9 BAF9- 4D?B
A4?<; KG6EF6<F9?PABEF<
FB7B6B9 9L9A<9
:<849@O= 8BIB8 152k
!J9A4D<= B
9DBOFABEFP 40% 4 8BIB8 80k
!J9A4D<= A
9DBOFABEFP 60% 4 8BIB8 200k
J9A<FP 4D<4AFO
CD989?<FP 864 EJ9A4D<O

7.

%FD4F5788 'CD46?5A8O FD8F4F5?PAO@8
$8E>4@8 ('7DB74@8)
?S >4:8B7B <89AF<H<J<DB64AAB7B < BJ9A9AAB7B D<E>4 D4;D454FO649FES >BA>D9FA4S EFD4F97<S D947<DB64A<S.
'>?BA9A<9 (Avoid)
;@9A9A<9 C?4A4 CDB9>F4 8?S CB?AB7B <E>?RK9A<S D<E>4. 4CD<@9D, BF>4; BF AB6B=, A9CDB69D9AAB=
F9IAB?B7<<.
9D984K4 (Transfer)
9D9@9M9A<9 H<A4AEB6B= BF69FEF69AABEF< ;4 D<E> A4 FD9FPR EFBDBAG, A4CD<@9D, K9D9; EFD4IB64A<9,
74D4AF<< <?< 4GFEBDE<A7.
%A<:9A<9 (Mitigate)
D<ASF<9 @9D 8?S G@9APL9A<S 69DBSFABEF< <?< 6?<SA<S D<E>4. 4CD<@9D, CDB6989A<9 8BCB?A<F9?PAB7B
F9EF<DB64A<S <?< A4=@ Q>EC9DF4.
D<ASF<9 (Accept)
EB;A4AAB9 D9L9A<9 A9 CD98CD<A<@4FP 89=EF6<=. B:9F 5OFP C4EE<6AO@ (CDBEFB A45?R84FP) <?< 4>F<6AO@
(EB;84FP D9;9D6O).

8.

!FD4F5788 'CD46?5A8O B?B68F5?PAO@8
8E>4@8 ( B7@B6ABEFO@8)
B?B:<F9?PAO9 D<E>< (6B;@B:ABEF<) F4>:9 FD95GNF C?4A<DB64A<O 8?O <E @4>E<@4?PAB7B <ECB?P;B64A<O.
ECB?L7B64A85 (Exploit): 59EC9G9A<9 D94?<;4F<<
6B;@B:ABEF<, A4CD<@9D, 6O89?9A<9 ?GGH<E D9EGDEB6
8?O GE>BD9A<O CDBF9EE4.
'E8?5A85 (Enhance): '69?<G9A<9 69DBOFABEF< <?<
CB?B:<F9?PAB7B 6?<OA<O D<E>4. 4CD<@9D,
8B546?9A<9 D9EGDEB6 8?O CB6OH9A<O >4G9EF64.
%B6@5EFAB5 ECB?L7B64A85 (Share): 4ECD989?9A<9
BF69FEF69AABEF< E FD9FP9= EFBDBAB= 8?O
<ECB?P;B64A<O 6B;@B:ABEF<. 4CD<@9D, EB6@9EFAB9
CD98CD<OF<9.
D8AOF85 (Accept): EB;A4AAB9 D9H9A<9
<ECB?P;B64FP 6B;@B:ABEFP, 9E?< BA4 6B;A<>A9F, AB
59; 4>F<6AB7B C?4A<DB64A<O.

9.

$BD@4?87B64AAO5 5FB4O D8AOF8O 5L5A89
!?B:AO9 D<E>B6O9 E<FG4F<< G4EFB FD95GNF EFDG>FGD<DB64AAB7B CB8EB84 8?O 6O5BD4 BCF<@4?PAB7B CGF< 89=EF6<=.
9D96B 9H9A<=
<;G4?PAB9 CD98EF46?9A<9 6E9E
6B;@B:AOE <EEB8B6 < <E
69DBOFABEF9=. B@B749F
D4EEG<F4FP B:<849@GN 89A9:AGN
EFB<@BEFP (EMV) >4:8B7B
64D<4AF4.
GERT (Graphical Evaluation
and Review Technique)
9FB8 E9F96B7B C?4A<DB64A<O,
>BFBDO= CB;6B?O9F @B89?<DB64FP
69DBOFABEFAO9 69F6?9A<O <
C9F?< (CB6FBDONI<9EO 89=EF6<O)
6 CDB9>F9.
A4?<; 'G6EF6<F9?PABEF<
CD989?9A<9, >4><9 D<E><
B>4;O64NF A4<5B?PH99 6?<OA<9
A4 D9;G?PF4F CDB9>F4, E CB@BIPN
8<47D4@@-FBDA48B.

10.

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BFE?9:<64A<9 BEF4FBKAOI D<E>B6 (D<E>B6, BEF46L<IES CBE?9
6OCB?A9A<S C?4AB6).
DB6B8<FES C9D9BJ9A>4 D<E>B6 < 4>FG4?<;4J<S D99EFD4.
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A4 FB, KFB D<E> E>BDB CDB<;B=89F <?< G:9 CDB<;BL9?.
4CD<@9D, BFEF464A<9 7D4H<>4 A4 10% <?< G6B?PA9A<9
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;489=EF6B64FP C?4AO D947<DB64A<O 8B FB7B, >4> G7DB;4
A4A9E9F E9DP9;AO= GM9D5.
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