The history of soap

1.

THE
CHEMISTRY OF
SOAP
and its History
Miss Kzhyl

2.

RECAP!
Differentiate Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic
substances

3.

RECAP!
Define adhesion and cohesion

4.

COMMON
USES OF
SOAP
• Personal hygiene
• Cleaning
• Skin care
• Household cleaning
• Industrial uses

5.

THE HISTORY
According to the Roman history, first soap was
discovered accidentally near mount Sapo which was
an ancient location for animal sacrifices. Accidentally,
the animal fat got mixed with wood ashes (source of
alkali) and rain water, led to the formation of soap
mixture. Later, Roman homemakers realized that a
unknown yellow mixture of Tiber river water made
their clothes cleaner and brighter compared to other
water.1

6.

Leblanc Process
NICOLAS
LEBLANC
Nicolas Leblanc is famous for
inventing a chemical process to
make soda ash (sodium
carbonate) from common salt.

7.

8.

Leblanc’s process make the soap
making process more reachable at
reasonable cost, and soap, once a
luxury good only royalty and the
wealthy could afford, has evolved
into the primary product for daily
personal hygiene.

9.

THE CHEMISTRY
OF SOAP
MOLECULES
Saponification
the process of making soap from fats or oils by
mixing them with a base (alkali).