Moscow 23 января (1)

1.

Moscow is the capital of Russia.
Sights of Moscow.
Sights - достопримечательности

2.

commander-in-chief = главнокомандующий
Serve – служить \ выполнять
Relations – отношения
International – международные
Law – закон
Citizens –граждане
Rights – права
Uphold – поддерживать
Legal – законный
Throughout – по всему
Russia's Governance
Government Structure
The President
Russia operates as a semipresidential republic, with a
clear separation of powers
among the executive,
legislative, and judicial
branches.
Serving as both head of state
and commander-in-chief, the
President plays a central role in
shaping national policy and
international relations.
Judicial System
An independent judiciary ensures the rule of law, protecting citizens'
rights and upholding legal principles throughout the country.

3.

Moscow's Diverse Climate – Разнообразный климат Москвы
Varied –разнообразный
Inland - внутренний
Severe – сильные\суровые
Snowfall – снегопад
Humid – влажный
Warm – теплый
Early – ранний
Late – поздний
Rapidly – быстро
Precipitation – выпадение осадков
Coastal – прибрежный\ береговой
Moscow experiences a varied climate, typical of inland
continental regions. Winters are characterized by severe
cold and heavy snowfall, while summers are often warm
and humid.
• Wet & Mild: While often perceived as cold, Moscow
can experience wet and relatively mild periods,
especially during early spring and late autumn.
• Variable Conditions: The weather can change rapidly,
with bright sunny days quickly giving way to cloudy
skies and precipitation.
• Continental Influence: This means significant
temperature differences between seasons, contrasting
with more temperate coastal climates.

4.

the Russian Economy – Российская экономика
Gross Domestic Product
Industry & Resources
Russia's economy is one of
the largest globally, with
its GDP driven by diverse
sectors, significantly
impacting global markets.
Heavy industry and
manufacturing, alongside
oil and gas resources,
form the backbone of the
national economy.
Machinery & Technology
Advancements in machinery and technology contribute to
both industrial output and the country's growing
innovation sector.
Gross Domestic Product – ВВП –
Валовой Внутренний Продукт
Backbone – основа
Contribute – вносить вклад\способствовать
Alongside – наряду с
Gas – газ
Oil – нефть

5.

Iconic Moscow Landmarks –
знаменитые достопримечательности Москвы
Plaza – площадь\сквер
State – гос-во
Stunning – потрясающий
Renowned – знаменитый
Domes – купола
Intricate – сложный\замысловатый
• The Kremlin: A historic complex serving as the official residence of the Russian President and a major historical site.
• Red Square: Moscow's most famous plaza, surrounded by iconic buildings like St. Basil's Cathedral and the State Historical
Museum.
• Saint Basil's Cathedral: A stunning, colorful cathedral on Red Square, renowned for its unique domes and intricate
architecture.

6.

Article with Geographical Names – артикль с
географическими названиями
Specific Articles (The)
Use "the" with oceans (the Pacific Ocean), seas
(the Black Sea), rivers (the Volga River),
mountain ranges (the Urals), and groups of
islands (the Philippines).
No Article
Do not use an article with continents (Asia,
Europe), most countries (Russia, China), cities
(Moscow, Saint Petersburg), and individual lakes
(Lake Baikal).
Exceptions
Some countries include "the" in their names,
like the United States or the United Kingdom.
Always pay attention to these specific cases.
Use – использовать
Pay attention – обращать внимание
cases - случаи\дела

7.

Past Perfect Tense – предпрошедшее время
1
2
3
Trip – поездка (небольшая)
Sequence – последовательность
Point – момент\смысл\точка\пункт
Formation
The Past Perfect tense is formed
using had + past participle (e.g.,
"had seen," "had written").
Function
It describes an action completed
before another action or a specific
point in the past. It clarifies the
sequence of events.
Time Markers
Common markers include "before,"
"after," "by the time," "already," and
"when."
"By the time we arrived, they had already finished dinner."
"She had never visited Moscow before her trip last year."

8.

Same way – одинаковым образом
Equal – равный
Complicated - сложный
Comparative Structures – сравнительные конструкции
Than for Inequality
As...As for Equality
Used to compare two different
items, indicating one is greater
or lesser than the other.
Example: "Moscow is larger
than Saint Petersburg."
Used to show that two things
are equal or similar in some
way.
Example: "The weather today
is as cold as it was yesterday."
Not So...As for Less Equality
Indicates that something is less than or not equal to something else.
Example: "The metro system is not so complicated as I thought."

9.

ссылка
Your task : You need to choose 3 places in Moscow to see
and say why did you choose them. What is the most interesting you can find there.
Задание: выбрать 3 места в Москве которые нужно посетить и почему именно их.
Что в них интересного?
Можно использовать следующие прилагательные
СЛОВА НА ТЕМУ "ГОРОД И ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ МЕСТА«
(TOWN AND PUBLIC PLACES)

10.

Moscow — Москва. Audio на английском
Полезные слова:
•capital – столица.
•to be located in – быть расположенным (где-либо).
•population – население.
•iconic landmark – знаковая достопримечательность.
•fortified – укрепленный.
•to house smt – включать в себя что-либо, размещать что-либо.
•to serve as smt – служить в качество чего-либо.
•cathedral – собор, храм.
•to be known for smt – быть известным за что-либо.
•dome – купол.
•attraction – достопримечательность.
•vibrant – яркий, колоритный.
•a variety of smt – разнообразие чего-либо.
•delicious – вкусный.
•despite of smt – несмотря на что-либо.
•bustling – оживленный, суетливый.
•several – несколько.
•from around the world – со всего мира.
•to leave a lasting impression on smb – оставлять неизгладимое
впечатление на кого-либо.

11.

General Listening Quiz
“SIGHTSEEING TOURS AROUND TOWN”
•Recommend -рекомендовать (verb): to suggest something
would be good or suitable for a particular purpose or to suggest
some action
– I recommend you visit the palace during your visit.
•Blocks - кварталы (noun): the distance and area between
roads or streets
– Walk down this road three blocks, and you’ll see the science
museum on the right-hand side of the street.
•to tell (you) the truth – по правде говоря (phrase): to be
honest
– To tell you the truth, I’m a little afraid to try new foods.
•pick up - приобретать\подбирать (verb): obtain or get
– I picked up this doll during my last trip to China.
•Souvenir – сувенир\ воспоминание\ подарок (verb):
something you give or receive to help you remember a visit to
another place
– My children expect souvenirs when I return from a trip
overseas.
1.Sightseeing is a great way to learn about a new
place.
2.It’s better to go sightseeing with a tour guide
than on your own.
3.You should always take photos when you go
sightseeing.
4.People should visit famous landmarks when
they travel.
5.It’s important to try local food when sightseeing.