Muscular tissue

1.

MUSCULAR
TISSUE

2.

CONTRACTILE STRUCTURES
(CELLS AND FIBERS)
MUSCULAR
TISSUE
MYOFIBROBLASTS
NONMUSCULAR
PERICYTES
MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

3.

MUSCULAR TISSUE
STRIATED
SKELETAL
SMOOTH
CARDIAC
(HEART MUSCLE,
MYOCARDIUM)

4.

DEVELOPMENT
OF MUSCULAR TISSUE
MYOTOMES –
SKELETAL TISSUE
NEUROECTODERM –
MYONEURAL TISSUE
OF THE EYE
SPLANCHNOTOME –
CARDIAC TISSUE
MESENCHYME – SMOOTH MUSCLE TISSUE

5.

SPECIALIZED COMPARTMENTS
OF MUSCULAR STRUCTURES
CONTRACTILE
APPARATUS
SUPPORTING
APPARATUS
Ca++ - STORING
MEMBRANE SYSTEM
MYOFIBRILS IN
STRIATED MUSCLES;
LINKING PROTEINS
OF CYTOPLASM;
SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM
IN STRIATED MUSCLES;
DISPERSED
MYOFILAMENTS IN
SMOOTH MUSCLE
CELLS.
EXTERNAL LAMINA
(BASAL MEMBRANE);
CYSTERNAE OF sER AND
CAVEOLI IN SMOOTH
MUSCLE CELLS
EXTERNAL
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
(FASCIA OF SKELETAL
MUSCLES ….)

6.

SKELETAL MUSCLE TISSUE
SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER
MYOSYMPLAST
MULTINUCLEATE STRUCTURE
FORMED BY FUSION OF MANY
HUNDREDS OF MYOBLASTS IN
DEVELOPMENT
SATELLITE CELLS
PRECURSOR CELLS ABLE TO
DEVIDE BY MITOSIS TO FORM
NEW MUSCLE AFTER TISSUE
DAMAGE
SURROUNDED BY AN EXTERNAL
LAMINA TOGETHER

7.

SECTION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE CROSS AND LONGITUDINAL

8.

SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
OF SKELETAL MUSCLE

9.

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE
CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS
LINKED END BY END INTO SO NAMED FIBERS
BY INTERCALATED
DISKS

10.

CARDIAC MUSCLE TISSUE

11.

STRUCTURE OF MYOFIBRILS
LIGHT MICROSCOPY HIGH MAGNIFICATION
SCHEME OF INTERNAL
STRUCTURE

12.

STRUCTURE OF THIN FILAMENTS

13.

STRUCTURE OF THICK FILAMENTS

14.

LINKING (ACCESSORY) PROTEINS
OF MUSCLE TISSUE
ACTININ – HOLDS THIN FILAMENTS IN THE Z-DISK (LINE)
MYOMESIN – HOLDS MYOSIN FILAMENTS IN THE REGION OF M-LINE
TITIN (CONNECTIN) – LINKS THE ENDS OF THICK FILAMENTS TO
THE Z-LINE
DESMIN – LINK ADJACENT MYOFIBRILS TO EACH OTHER
C-PROTEIN – MYOSIN BINDING PROTEIN
DYSTROPHIN – PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN, BRIDGES ACTIN
FILAMENTS TO THE EXTERNAL LAMINA TO TRANSFER THE INTERNAL
FORCES OF CONTRACTION TO THE EXTERNAL TISSUES

15.

MYOFIBRILS – SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM
RELATIONS

16.

TRIADS OF SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM

17.

THE MOLECULAR BASIS
OF STRIATED MUSCLES CONTRACTION
DEPOLARIZATION OF PLASMA
MEMBRANE AND SARCOTUBULAR
SYSTEM
CONTRACTION
RELEASE OF Ca++ INTO THE
CYTOPLASM VIA MEMBRANE CHANNELS
BINDING OF Ca-IONS TO THE TROPONIN
(TROPONIN C) RESULTING IN CHANGES OF
TROPONIN COMPLEX
HYDROLYSIS OF ATP
ACCESS OF MYOSIN TO
THE ACTIN FILAMENTS

18.

INTERCALATED DISKS OF CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLS
STRUCTURES
PLASMA
MEMBRANES
OF CARDIAC CELLS,
DESMOSOMES,
GAP JUNCTIONS,
ADHERENT-TYPE
JUNCTIONS (FASCIAE
ANHERENS)

19.

HISTOLOGY OF SMOOTH MUSCLES

20.

Ca++- ENTRY INTO CYTOPLASM
OF SMOOTH MUSCLE CELL
FROM SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
(VESICLES LIKE SARCOTUBULAR SYSTEM OF STRIATED MUSCLES)
FROM EXTRACELLULAR SPACES
VIA DEPOLARIZATION-DEPENDENT
(VOLTAGE-GATED) CHANNELS
VIA HORMONES-DEPENDENT
(LIGAND-GATED) CHANNENL

21.

THE MOLECULAR BASIS
OF SMOOTH MUSCLES CONTRACTION
MEMBRANE EXCITATION
CONTRACTION
Ca++ RELEASE INTO CYTOPLASM
BINDING TO THE PROTEIN –
CALMODULIN
ACTIVATION OF ENZIME –
MYOSIN LIGHT-CHANE KINASE
ACCESS OF MYOSIN TO
THE ACTIN FILAMENTS
PHOSPHORYLATION
OF MYOSIN

22.

RELAXED AND CONTRACTED SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS

23.

REGENERATION
OF MUSCLE TISSUES
SKELETAL
MITOTIC DIVISION OF SATELLITE CELLS
HYPERTROPHY OF REMAINING FIBERS
(A RESULT OF MULTIPLICATION OF ORGANELLES –
MYOFIBRILS AND MITOCHONDRIA MAINLY)
SMOOTH
MITOTIC DIVISION OF CELLS
HYPERTROPHY OF REMAINING CELLS
CARDIAC
HYPERTROPHY OF REMAINING
CELLS ONLY - UNFORTUNATELLY