Detection needs to driven by a Threat model

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Cyber Preparedness

1. Cyber Preparedness

˃ A Proactive Response to Infiltration
Colin McKinty
Vice President, Cyber Strategy for the Americas
[email protected]
April 2016
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2. Cyber Preparedness

How To Get Started
Take A Proactive Stance
Be Ready to Respond
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3. Cyber Preparedness

How To Get Started
Take A Proactive Stance
Be Ready to Respond
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4. Where Does Cyber Preparedness Begin?

Technology?
Security team?
Processes?
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5.

It starts with
The Board.
It is driven by a culture where
cyber risk is addressed as part
of operational risk
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6.

Why Should
They Care?
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7. The Obvious

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8.

Reducing Risk.
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Enables Growth.

9. Cyber Preparedness

How To Get Started
Take A Proactive Stance
Be Ready to Respond
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10.

Fire started in a NJ home last
year
A driver saw the fire and banged
on the front door until someone
answered
The alarms went off -- afterward
The family inside escaped
Fireman eventually got control
Happy ending … but what if the
driver did not stop?
Also, almost one year later, reconstruction is just starting
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11.

Effective Smoke
Detection
Consider where you replace
them
Ensure the batteries work
Monitor and maintain
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12.

Have a Plan for
When the Alarm
Goes Off
Think of this as Incident
Response
The value of knowing
someone is looking after you
… ready to bang on your door
when fire starts
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13.

What if there’s a “fire” in your
network?
What if the alarms don’t go off
right away or if you don’t have
the right alarms in place?
What kind of damage could that
do if your business took a year
to get back to normal?
Also, consider the scenario
where your entire operation
“burns to the ground”
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14. Hierarchy of Security Needs

To be fully prepared and
avoid disasters:
Detect new, hidden threats
Effectively and efficiently
respond
Reduce the time & resources
required in the detection to
resolution phase
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15. Prevention: Still Important

16. Balancing Spend Allocations

17.

The ability to respond to
an incident is only as
good as an organization’s
ability to …
detect the
incident.
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18. Detection

˃ Why It’s Challenging
• Too many bad guys/attacks
• Bad guys don’t want to be found
• Attacks take new forms every day
• Sophisticated APT and targeted attacks
routinely circumvent existing security
defenses
• The longer they stay undetected, the
greater the financial damage and
sensitive data loss
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19. Analytics Techniques

Detection Techniques
Attacks
Anomaly Detection Analytics
Unsupervised machine learning
New, unknown, attacker techniques
Nation state, targeted attacks
Anomaly Detection Analytics
Behavioural Analytics
Unsupervised machine learning
Known attacker techniques.
Beaconing, watering hole etc.
Anomaly Detection Analytics
Behavioural Analytics
Supervised machine learning
Signatures
Rules
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Increasing Risk
Threat
Landscape
Known attacker methods.
Exploit kits, evolving malware strains. e.g. key
loggers, browser clashes
Previously seen threat.
Exact malware match, known bad end
points

20. Characteristics of Behavioral Analytics

Potentially bad
vs known bad
Risk based
vs binary
Enduring
vs brittle
Time range vs
point in time
General vs specific case
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21. Detection needs to driven by a Threat model

Analytics are categorised by ‘attack technique’. These are the stages an attacker has to go through to
successfully complete an attack on a network.
Targeted Attack
Delivery
Exploitation
Installation
Command & Control
Delivering malware on to the
user’s machine via email, USB,
web etc.
With access to the estate,
attacker can accomplish their
original goal
Exploiting a vulnerability to
execute code on the user estate
Setting up a command
channel for remote
manipulation of victim
Installing malware on the
asset
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Action on Intent

22. Cyber Preparedness

23. Response

24.

Having proper
analysis capabilities
requires both trained
personnel and the
proper tools to
perform the analysis.
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25.

A PLAN
vs
A FRAMEWORK
"No plan of operations
extends with certainty
beyond the first encounter
with the enemy's main strength“
-- Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke
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26.

FRAMEWORK
Authority and Scope
Team Members and Responsibilities
Logistics
Process to determine severity and
escalation
Post-Incident Activities
Supporting Documentation
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27.

The most critical component
in any Incident Response
Practice …
Authority and backing from
executive management.
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28.

29.

30.

31.

rd
3
Parties
Outsourced IT (help desk, server
support)
Forensic Firms
ISPs
Legal Counsel
Law Enforcement
Public Relations Teams
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32.

Often overlooked items:
Succession of Command
Catering
Shipment of Evidence
OpTempo
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LOGISTICS
E-Mail Distro / Call bridge for
communication
War Room
Computing equipment
Evidence Locker

33.

34. Cyber Preparedness – Key Takeaways

Begins With Preparedness Culture
Balancing Act; Varied Techniques
Turn IR Plan Into an IR Framework
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35.

36.

37.

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38.

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