World-building. Word formation

1. World-building

Prepared by:Kyrgyzbai M,Sadubaeva Zh.Karabasov A.
Group:Fl17-1
Cheched by:Mombekova D.K.
2019

2. Plan

Introduction
I. Word. Word formation.
II. Types of Word Formation Processes
1.1 Affixation
1.2 Conversation
1.3 Composition
1.4 Shortening
1.5 Motivation
1.6 Imitation
Conclusion

3. Intoduction

The theme of our course-paper is 'Word-formation. Conversion'.
At the first part of the work We've wrote some lines about the term
'word' as the smallest independent unit of speech. Next, there is the
definition of the field of word-formation. At the following part you
can find some information about the affix word-formation of nouns,
verbs and adjectives.

4. Word. Word formation.

The word is not the smallest unit of the language. It consists of
morphemes. The morpheme may be defined as the smallest meaningful unit
which has a sound form and meaning and which occurs in speech only as a
part of a word.
Word formation is the creation of new words from elements already
existing in the language. Every language has its own structural patterns of
word formation.

5. Affixation

6.

Affixation
Prefix
Infix
Suffix

7. Conversation

8. Composition

In English grammar, compounding is the process of combining
two words (free morphemes) to create a new word (commonly a
noun, verb, or adjective). Also called composition, it is from the
Latin for "put together".
Compounds are written sometimes as one word (sunglasses),
sometimes as two hyphenated words (life-threatening), and
sometimes as two separate words (football stadium).
Compounding is the most common type of word-formation in
English

9.

10. Shortening

the action or process of making or becoming short
specifically : the dropping of the latter part of a word
so as to produce a new and shorter word of the
same meaning

11. Types of shortening

12. Motivation

The term "motivation" is used to denote the
relationship between the form of the word, i.e. its
sound form, morphemic composition and structural
pattern, and its meaning.
There are three main types of
motivation: phonetic,morphological and semantic.

13.

14. Imitation

Sound imitation or (onomatopoeia)
New words formed by this type of word-building denote an action or a thing by
more or less exact reproduction of the sound which is associated with it. Let’s
compare such words from English and Russian: cock-a-dodoodle-do – ку-ка-реку, bang – бах, бац (сильный удар).
Semantically, according to the source sound, many onomatopoeic words are
divided into the following groups: 1) words denoting sounds produced by human
beings in the process of communication or expressing their feelings, e.g. chatter,
boor; 2) words denoting sounds produced by animals, birds, insects, e.g. moo,
buzz; 3) words imitating the sounds of water, the noise of metallic things,
movements, e.g. splash, scratch, swing.

15. Conclusion