Form of state territional structure

1.

NAME: Melek Fady Nasser
GROUP: 19ls3a
TOPIC: Form of state territional structure
(Unitary state , Federation,
Confederation)

2.

•Content
•1/ Features of unitary state
•2/Types of unitary state
•3/Examples of unitary state
•4/Features of federation
•5/Types of federation
•6/Examples of federation
•7/Features of confederation
•8/Examples of confederation
•9/ Coclusion

3.

•Features of unitary state
•Unitary Features of constitution make a
centralized government. It is a government in
which all powers held by the government belong to
a single, central agency. A unitary system is
governed constitutionally as one single unit. All
power is top down

4.

•Characteristics of Unitary Government
•Centralization of Powers.
•Single and Simple Government.
•Uniformity of Laws.
•No Distribution of Powers.
•Flexible Constitutions.
•Potential for Despotism.
•Responsibility.

5.

•Examples of unitary state
•Unitary System
•One central government controls weaker states.
Power is not shared between states, counties, or
provinces. Examples: China, United Kingdom
(although Scotland has been granted self-rule)

6.

•Features of federation
•A Federation is always characterised by the
following essential features:
•Division of Powers
•Written Constitution
•Rigid Constitution
•Supremacy of the Constitution
•Special Role of the Judiciary
•Dual Administration
•Dual Citizenship
•Bicameral Legislature

7.

•Types of federation
•There are two types of federation: Coming
together Federation and Holding together
Federation. Federalism has dual objectives of
safeguarding and promoting unity of the country
and recognizing regional diversity by way of mutual
trust and agreement of living together
•There are : Coming together Federation and
Holding together Federation

8.

•Examples of federations
•Examples of the federation or federal state
include the United States, India, Brazil, Malaysia,
Mexico, Russia, Germany, Canada, Switzerland,
Bosnia & Herzegovina, Belgium, Argentina, Nigeria,
and Australia
•The Federation of Egyptian Industries (FEI) is one
of the country’s largest employers’ associations,
with 19 active industrial chambers as members,
representing over 102,000 industrial enterprises
out of which more than 90% belong to the private
sector; accounting for more than 2 million workers
and 18% of the national economy.

9.

10.

•Features of confederation
•The characteristics of confederations also are
highlighted by distinguishing them from
federations.
•No Authority to Legislate for Individuals.
•No Independent Revenue Sources.
•Sovereignty Retained by the Member States.
•Member-State Citizenship.
•Written Document.
•Expressly Delegated Powers.

11.

•Examples f confederation
•The European Alliance, and the United Nations
(“U.N.”) are examples of confederation, while the
United States is a federation. While the U.S. as a
whole may participate in confederations, such as
the U.N., it maintains a central government with
some authority over the various states

12.

•Conclusion
•The positive impact of a unitary state:
• Uniformity throughout the entire country. Acts a a
centripetal force by creating a sense of unity.
Power is spread out so no one person or level has
too much power
•Federation was a remarkable political
achievement. Colonies had jostled to protect their
interests. New South Wales had competed with
Victoria for influence, and the smaller colonies had
feared their interests would be ignored by the
larger colonies
•Confederation, was made officially valid. From
this the Congress of Confederation was formed,
where there was a single legislature and no
president or judicial branch. After this, Congress
gave the delegates the task of amending the
Articles of Confederation.