Memory as a psychological phenomenon

1.

MEMORY AS A
PSYCHOLOGICAL
PHENOMENON
THE PRESENTATION WAS PREPARED BY A
STUDENT OF THE GROUP P / B-18-1O
ENKO JULIA OLEGOVNA

2.

INTRODUCTION
Today we will talk about the following
things:
• what is memory
• types of memory
• memory phases
• effective exercise to improve memory

3.

WHAT IS MEMORY?
• Memory can be defined as the ability of the brain to
retain and voluntarily recover information. In other
words, memory is what allows us to recall events that
have occurred, thoughts, sensations, concepts and
the relationship between them.

4.

• Despite the fact that the hippocampus is most associated with
memory, it is impossible to attribute memories to only one part of the
brain, since many areas of our brain are involved in this process.
Memory is one of the cognitive functions most affected by aging.

5.

TYPES OF MEMORY
MEMORY IS AN EXTREMELY COMPLEX COGNITIVE FUNCTION.
A HUGE NUMBER OF PARTS OF THE BRAIN PARTICIPATE IN IT, AND WE
CONSTANTLY USE IT. THERE ARE VARIOUS THEORIES AND STUDIES OF THIS
COGNITIVE ABILITY.
YOU CAN SUBDIVIDE MEMORY INTO DIFFERENT TYPES ACCORDING TO THE
FOLLOWING CRITERIA:

6.

BY THE TIME DURING WHICH INFORMATION IS HELD:
• in this case we are talking about
sensory memory, short-term memory,
working memory and long-term
memory. Touch memory holds
information for several seconds, while
long-term memory, on the contrary,
can store information for an almost
unlimited period of time. All types of
memory work in a coordinated
manner so that the entire system
functions correctly.

7.

BY TYPE OF INFORMATION:
• verbal memory is responsible
for storing verbal information
(what we read, or words we
hear), while non-verbal
memory allows you to store
other data (images, sounds,
sensations, etc.).

8.

ACCORDING TO THE SENSORY ORGAN INVOLVED:
• depending on the sensory organ used, we are talking about such types of
memory as visual memory (vision), auditory memory (hearing), olfactory
memory (sense of smell), taste memory (taste) and tactile memory (touch).

9.

PHASES OF MEMORY: THE PROCESS
OF REMEMBERING
IN ORDER TO REMEMBER WHAT WE DID YESTERDAY, OUR BRAIN MUST PRODUCE A
SERIES OF PROCESSES. EACH PROCESS IS NECESSARY TO ACCESS MEMORIES.
THUS, A VIOLATION OF ANY OF THESE PROCESSES WILL NOT ALLOW US TO
RECALL INFORMATION.

10.

TO CREATE A MEMORY, OUR BRAIN MUST GO
THROUGH THE FOLLOWING PHASES:
• Coding: at this phase in our memory system with the help of perception we
add the information that we remember. For example, when someone
introduces us by name. You need to pay attention to this information to
encode it.
• Storage: to hold information for a long time, we store it in the system of our
memory. For example, we can remember a person’s face and name.
• Recovery: when we want to remember something, we turn to the memory
storage and restore the necessary information. For example, to see a man on
the street, remember his name.

11.

Exercises to Improve Memory
1. Read aloud
Our brain absorbs information better if it comes
from different channels of perception. Scientists
came to this conclusion after an experiment at
the University of Waterloo: those subjects who
read aloud could remember 70% more
information than those who read to themselves.
2. Switch your hands
Every day we perform the simplest actions and do
not notice how we use only the right / left hand. Try
to delegate authority to your left hand if you're righthanded: brush your teeth, type, hold your phone. It
will seem unusual at first, but it is we who make our
brain think in a new way

12.

3. Sport and fresh air
When we train, the heart rate increases and this affects the circulation of fluids in
the body. Thus, the brain begins to think faster and remember more. Everything is
very interconnected. Exhausting workouts are not needed - daily walks of 30
minutes give the same effect.

13.

CONCLUSION
Let me summarize.
• Firstly, today we decided on the concept of memory, identified the
types of memory and its phases
• Secondly, we examined the most effective exercises and rules that
can improve memory. In addition, these exercises have a beneficial
effect on the entire body.

14.

thank you for attention.