Conversational formulas

1.

2.

(formulas of politeness)
Greetings
Farewells
Expressions of gratitude
Apologies
Phrases used in response to apologies and gratitude
Depending on the degree of politeness, sphere of communication, the
speaker’s attitude to the listener they are divided into 3 broad groups:
normal, friendly, casual.

3.

Friendly
Normal
\m
˅m
lm\m
\m m
/
lm m
/
1. sincere, serious
2. formal, brisk
depending on the wording very polite, warm,
and voice-coloring
lively
l Good \ morning!
Greetings
l Good after\noon, ladies
l
and lgentlemen!
Apologies
Expressions of
Gratitude
˅Hi!
lm/m
perfunctory, a mere
formality
/Morning.
Hel\lo, /Mary!
/ Hi.
I’m \ sorry.
˅Sorry!
/Sorry. I l didn’t
I’m l very •sorry in\deed.
I’m \awfully /sorry!
/mean it.
\ Thank you.
˅Thank you!
l Thank you very \ much!
l Many
lm m
/
Farewells
Casual
lGood- bye for now.
/
lSo long!
/
/thanks!
/Thanks.
Good-˅bye!
/See you.
‾Good-/bye, •then!
/Bye.

4.

‾Hal/lo – informal greeting (high pre-head + Low
Rise)
/Pardon? – when used interrogatively in echo
questions (High Rise)
Ex˅cuse me – when used initially in conversations
to attract attention (Fall-Rise)