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GLOSSARY
TERMS
Adaptation
EXPLANATIONS
(lat. adaptatio – to adjust, adjust, adjust);
external
to the circumstances
adaptation;
organs
intuition
(analyzers) as a result of adaptation to the impact force
a change in certain sensitivity. Sensitivity in the case of A
both increasing and decreasing
possible; when going from strong influence to weak influence,
sensitivity increases gradually, and when the effect increases,
sensitivity, on the contrary, decreases. A. legitimacy, organic
other than the senses, it is characteristic of the domain of all senses. For example,
sight A.si, hearing A.si, smell A.si, skin-sensation A.si and
etc. A.'s: physiological A. (of the sensitivity of analyzers
as a change
A.); individual to new groups
social-psychological A. when joined; activity is new
such types as professional A. when starting to perform types
differs.
Questionnaire
(French enquete – list of questions); 1. to the examinee
pre-prepared questions are distributed and related to them
psychological scientific examination consisting of written answers
method. Questionnaire
to the activity
attitude, self-esteem, qualities of mind, individual
characteristics, level of knowledge, cultural level, outlook,
beliefs are studied.
Anomie
(French anomie - absence of law, non-functioning); of society
value-normative crisis, existing in it, traditional
of values
violation
- public legal
cause desocialization (violation of sociality).
brings E. Durkheim called this state anomie .
In the case of anomie, for most members of society, social,
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in particular, the importance of legal norms is lost. Your behavior
in the individual deprived of standard images, the self
the level of control decreases sharply, in such a case it
out of social control.
Apathy
(Greek. apathy - not interested in anything); 1. lack of spirit
mood, apathy, disappointment. A. exhaustion,
heavy
caused by experiences or illness,
manifested in the loss of interest in others and indifference
mental state to be. A. a state of emotional apathy. In this case
the subject has nothing to do with the things around him
does not show attention, importance, interest, attitude,
becomes indifferent to everything.
Affect
(lat. affectus - mental excitement, passion, excitement); 1. a
sudden increase in conflict situations
external neuro-psychic (nervous) state of excitement; 2. based on
strong, intense and relatively short-lived emotional
psychological state underlying (emotional) experiences.
Struggle of Motives Decide to choose one of the equally important motives
the stage of volitional behavior associated with doing.
Mk
are opposed to each other
of desires
collision. The struggle of motives is short-term or often nervous
demanding effort (sometimes very painful), very long
may continue. The struggle of motives is different
is a struggle of desires.
Communication
Communication breakdown. The child with other people
deficiency
decrease in the speed and quality of communication. Such
situation, usually the child is in children's organizations of a closed type
(hospitals, orphanages, boarding schools) or parents
in families where mothers do not pay enough attention to their children
related to being
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Protection
Man, as a person himself from various psychological injuries
mechanisms
psychoanalyst refers to the set of unconscious techniques that preserve
concept. That is, with the help of Hmlari, a person psychologically himself
prevents injuries.
communication
(lat. communictio - I communicate, talk); 1.
sia
organizationally on the scale (scale) of the whole society
implemented, social communication. 2. act of communication, two
and more to mutual understanding between individuals
based communication; by one person to another or
communicating information to people. K. getting feedback from others
understand their thoughts and express their thoughts to them through the medium of language
ability to explain, information in language and other symbols
transmission by means of.
Matriarchy
Maternity period; 1. primitive community form. During the period of M.
Aymagoya, genealogy, clan group in those times
the position of women in the economic and social life of the tribe
determined by priority status.
Interpersonal
Their interaction in the process of communication in a group of people
relationships
social that occurs as a result of relationships
event type.
Psychological
It is possible to threaten the integrity of the person, it is a danger
protection
negative, related to disputes that can leave under
mechanisms
aimed at minimizing the impact of experiences
mechanism system.
Motive
(lat. moveo - I move); a specific need
motivational force associated with satisfaction. M.
motivates a person to work and gives meaning to his work,
gives awareness. Man to certain behaviors
the main reason. It encourages people to act
the main reason is his needs. Therefore, according to the type of need
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depending on M. will also be different. M. in Psychology with two majors
divided into categories, these are natural motives and high
material and spiritual motives. M. their content
It also differs depending on the form of reflection:
emotion, imagination, thought, concept, idea, spiritual, ideal and
other motives.
Motivational
This is the case - in this case, the brain needs to be satisfied
condition
models the parameters of the necessary objects and
performed on having the required facility
creates a scheme of increased activity. Man's
motivational states: attitudes, interests, desire,
includes desire, aspiration, and passion .
Motivation
1. Why should a person express only this opinion and not other
thoughts and actions at a certain time and
to justify the decision to perform the action,
a logical operation consisting of explaining; 2. M.
causing directed activity of the organism
(caller), a certain nerve conditioned by need
excitation of the structure (functional system). Active person
set of motivations for action. M. actualized
of certain nervous systems conditioned by need
excitation (of functional systems).
Communication
Interaction between two or more people. In M
interpersonal cognition or affective orientation
the nature of information exchange
increases. 2. M. people's social experience, cultural heritage
implementation of transfer and collaborative activities
in order to social interaction by means of a sign system
entering into relationships.
Patriarchy
The post-matriarchy stage in the primitive community system (q.
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Matriarchy); to a race where men have the upper hand
a man was the head (chief). From matriarchy to patriarchy
F. Engels called the transitional period "the terrible defeat of women"
evaluates that. Because this period is a primitive community system
corresponds to the period of private ownership.
Consciousness
(unconsciousness)
under
Significantly affects the character of a person and the content of his mind
a psychic who can exert influence but is not actively conscious
a set of processes and circumstances. Yes, psychoanalysis
is one of the main concepts of his teachings, XVIII
was introduced into scientific circulation in the second half of the century.
Psychiatry
(Greek. psyche – soul, iatria – treatment); Department of Medicine.
Mental illnesses, their causes, occurrence
the science of prevention and treatment. The main method of P. is
neurophysiological, biochemical, immunological,
using genetic, psychological methods
is a clinical examination. In mental activity
general psychiatry that studies patterns of disorders
or general psychopathology and psychopathies, neuroses,
dealing with mental disorders such as reactive states
private psychiatry differs.
Psyche
(Greek. psychikos - mental, related to the soul); the objective world
subjective reflection (of reality). P. human activity and behavior
existing reality, which ensures appropriateness
independent of consciousness and objective reflection
is a characteristic of the brain. P. includes mental processes,
include cases, features, etc.
Mental states A person's attitude to things and events in objective reality,
positive and negative expressing his attitude towards himself
emotional experiences; satisfaction and anger, trust and
feelings of insecurity, activity and inactivity.
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Psychic
It is high on the psychophysiological level of interpersonal communication
exposure
the spread of emotional states from one individual to another, behavior
to go
increased self-reinforcement
a characteristic psychic phenomenon.
with
Pt mental stress
from an individual in conditions of elevated emotional states
The process of transferring to another, circular growing
a state of mass emotional excitement. Psychic influence
diffuse, subconscious of people's psychic interactions
is the form
Psychic
Excessive or constant mental functions
tiredness
As a result of their work, they are temporarily unable to work
is lost. P.Ch. often in representatives of intellectual labor
occurs, to prevent it, eat in moderation,
work in moderation and rest in moderation. P.Ch.
directly related to the central nervous system.
Psychoanalysis
(Greek. psyche - soul and analysis - to divide,
to separate, separate, break up); At the end of the XIX century
Psychological direction founded by Z. Freud. Hysterical
originated from the method of treatment and study of neuroses.
Later, a general psychological theory was created. This
According to the theory, attention is the power that develops spiritual life
in the center were motives, inclinations, contents. Psyche
A structural scheme has been developed, in which there are three stages:
Consciousness, subconsciousness, unconsciousness are distinguished.
Psychodiagnosis
Determining the level of psychological development of people
stick
and their differentiation, their psyche and behavior
investigates and solves problems such as assessment.
Psychodiagnostics
It is a measurement of individual psychological characteristics of people
methods
and specific psychological tools for assessment.
Psychological
Psychological knowledge, advanced scientific achievements of psychology and
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promotion
spread their experiences widely. Pt of scientific research institutes
employees of universities and pedagogical institutes
teachers of the departments of pedagogy and psychology,
organized by experienced school teachers.
Forms and methods of Pt are diverse: lectures, conversations,
tips, discussions, question-and-answer evenings, psychological
conducting experiments and so on.
Psychological analysis Psychological conditions of human mental activity and
from scientific research methods to reveal its content
one. Pt's task is the psychological components of the activity
determination, different mental process in motivating a person to act and
the role of characteristics, manifested in the process of activity
consists of showing psychic properties.
Psychology
(Greek. psyche - soul, logos - science); lens of the brain
about the psyche, whose function is to reflect reality
science. Mechanisms of occurrence of P. psyche and general
science that studies laws.
Family
Psychology is a special branch of social psychology.
psychology
The purpose of the op is the most important one related to family psychology
providing knowledge and related skills based on them and
forming skills, young people to family life
preparation; social and ethnopsychological subject of the family
features; tasks are as follows: in young people
full about the role of the family in the formation of the individual
forming imagination; social history of the family of young people
origin and family life after birth
scientifically based on the changes that occur during
introducing knowledge; inevitable in young people's family life
changes, problems,
a scientifically based complete vision of laws
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forming and preparing them for these processes; young people
constructive to problems arising in family life
to give color, and to avoid destructive ones
to teach; characteristics of family life in young people
from problematic situations by interpreting them in a scientifically based way
psychologically reasonable (to the family and its stability
without being adversely affected) allowing exit
formation of skills; married to themselves in youth
forming the skills of choosing a partner correctly; young people
preparation for communication in the family;
young people
the family
teaching planning; scientific to young people's sexuality
base preparation; the stability of the family in young people
formation of supporting knowledge and skills; in students
with methods of psychological diagnosis studying the family
work and correctly interpret the results obtained with them
formation of achievement skills.
Psychoneuroses (Greek psyche – soul, neuron – nerve); central nerve
functional disorder of the system (no organic damage
general mental illnesses caused by
name
Psychotherapy
(Greek. psyche – soul, therapeia – care, maintenance,
treatment); psychiatry of patients of medical psychology
learning about treatments through exposure and
section on implementation; patients faster
all psychic factors used for healing and
sum of measures; change the external situation, only
A regimen designed for a specific patient by doctors
positive emotional attitude towards the patient. P.'s main
The weapon is the word, that is, explanation, persuasion, persuasion, hypnosis
to do and so on.
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Relaxation
(lat. relaxatio – reduction of tension, relaxation); 1.
strong physical stress on the subject
or
strong
calmness that occurs after experiences,
state of relaxation; 2. The main part of the modern family
one of the functions; 3. sleep, hypnosis, pharmacological effect
with long-term R. and stress observed during
relatively short-term alternating R. is distinguished.
A separate element of psychotherapy from the effect of R. (autogen
used in exercises, movement therapies); 4)
sexual, emotional of modern family, family members
activity, mental and physical strength, work ability
recovery function. From psychological defense mechanisms
one.
Reflex
(lat. reflexus - reflection); external or internal to the organism
effects on the central nervous system (involved)
response reaction. The term "reflex" is used in scientific treatment
(physiology) by the French scientist René Descartes
introduced in the 17th century. However, mental activity
To explain, he was a Russian materialist only in 1863
by IMSechenov, the founder of physiology
applied. While developing IMSechenov's teachings
IPPavlov function of the reflex, performance characteristics
researched in experimental ways. All reflexes are two
divided into groups: conditional and unconditional .
Family
In Western science, the word "Family" has two meanings. 1. Family
(family) is biological union and procreation. 2.
Hous ehold (family) - it includes two functions, ie
to him the economic aspects of the family - the supply of property and the family
the task of educating its members nationally, religiously, and economically
enters.
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Stress
Tension, tension, lot. stresses – tension); 1.
can cause physical and mental damage to the body
adaptive protection against the effects
set of relations; 2. state of stress - to the human body
occur in response to the influence of various unpleasant factors
a set of physiological protective relations. Strong
state of stress that occurs under the influence.
Suicide
derived from the Latin word suicide, conscious
is to deprive oneself of life.
Ustanovka
To carry out a certain activity of the organism
a state of readiness without realizing it. U. enveloping the person himself
to some degree of perception of standing people or objects,
a state of readiness without realizing it to assess and deal with
them. U. a person's specific activity
(perception, thinking, purposeful actions, etc.)
performance-oriented, defined by previous experience
readiness; a person moves it in a certain way
exclamatory preparatory form. Perception in preparation or
depending on the dominance of the movement, U. sensor and motor
is divided into ustanovka.
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