Going to extremes

1.

Going to extremes
[iks’tri:mz]

2.

Going up

3.

Going down

4.

What do you think of
mountain climbing
(альпинизм)?

5.

Is it interesting
[intrəstiŋ]?
Is it exciting [ik’saitiŋ]?
Is it dangerous
[deindʒərəs]?

6.

Do you know any
mountain [mauntin]
climbers [klaiməz]?

7.

Mount [maunt] Everest

8.

Mount Everest climbers
[klaiməz]

9.

Bottled [botld] oxygen
[‘oksidʒin]

10.

Sir Edmund Hilary and
Tenzing Norgay climbed
[klaimd] to the top of Mount
Everest in 1953

11.

Peter Habeler and Reinhold
Messner aren’t as famous
[feiməs] as Hilary and
Tenzing

12.

But their achievements
[ə’tʃi:vmənts] are more
[mo:] extraordinary
[əks’tro:dənəri]

13.

On May 8, 1978 they
became the first people to
reach [ri:tʃ] the top of
Everest without [wiðaut]
bottled oxygen [‘oksidʒin]

14.

The air [eə] at the top of
Everest contains [kən’teinz]
very little oxygen
[‘oksidʒin]

15.

It’s much more difficult to
breathe [bri:ð] up there

16.

Getting dressed [drest]
took over 2 hours [auəz]

17.

They didn’t speak in order
[o:də] to save breath [breθ]

18.

Every [evri] time they
climbed [klaimd] a bit
higher [haiə] their
progression [prə’greʃən]
became slower [slouə]

19.

They stopped and lay
down every few [fju:]
steps because of the lack
of oxygen [‘oksidʒin]

20.

They were confident
[konfidənt] of their ability
[ə’biliti]

21.

They reached [ri:tʃt] the top
of Mount Everest without
[wiðaut] oxygen [‘oksidʒin]

22.

Sir Edmund Hilary and
Tenzing Norgay climbed
[klaimd] to the top of Mount
Everest in 1953. Peter Habeler
and Reinhold Messner aren’t
as famous [feiməs] as Hilary
and Tenzing

23.

But their achievements
[ə’tʃi:vmənts] are perhaps
more extraordinary
[əks’tro:dənəri].

24.

On May 8, 1978 Habeler and
Messner became the first
people to reach the top of
Everest without [wiðaut]
bottled [botld] oxygen
[‘oksidʒin]

25.

The air [eə] at the top of
Everest contains [kən’teinz]
very little oxygen [‘oksidʒin]
and it is much more
difficult to breathe [bri:ð] up
there

26.

When they were about 800
meters [mi:təz] from the
top, getting dressed took
over 2 hours [auəz]

27.

And they didn’t speak in
order [o:də] to save breath
[breθ]. Every time they
climbed [klaimd] a bit higher
[haiə], their progress
[prougrəs] became a bit
slower [slouə]

28.

They stopped and lay down
every few steps because of
the lack of oxygen
[‘oksidʒin].

29.

They were confident
[konfidənt] of their ability
[ə’biliti], however [hau evə],
and finally [fainəli] they
achieved [ə’ tʃi:vd] their
impossible [im’posibl] goal
[goul]

30.

They reached [ri:tʃt] the top of
Mount Everest without
[wiðaut] oxygen [‘oksidʒin]
– feeling physically [fisikəli]
worse [wɜːs], but also happier
[hæpiə] than they ever
imagined [i’mædʒind]

31.

Tell us what you
remember about Peter
Habeler and Reinhold
Messner

32.

What mount did the climb
in 1978?

33.

But their achievements are
perhaps more extraordinary
[əks’tro:dənəri]. On May 8,
1978 Habeler and Messner
became the first people to
reach the top of Everest
without bottled oxygen

34.

Mount Everest

35.

Did they have bottled
oxygen?

36.

But their achievements are
perhaps more extraordinary
[əks’tro:dənəri]. On May 8,
1978 Habeler and Messner
became the first people to
reach the top of Everest
without bottled oxygen

37.

No, they didn’t

38.

Why is it difficult to
breathe at the top of
Mount Everest?

39.

The air at the top of Everest
contains very little oxygen and
it is much more difficult to
breathe up there. When they
were about 800 meters from the
top, getting dressed took over 2
hours

40.

The air at the top of
Everest contains very little
oxygen [‘oksidʒin]

41.

How long did it take them
to get dressed when they
were 800 meters from the
top?

42.

The air at the top of Everest
contains very little oxygen and
it is much more difficult to
breathe up there. When they
were about 800 meters from the
top, getting dressed took over 2
hours [auəz]

43.

Getting dressed took them
over 2 hours [auəz]

44.

Why didn’t they speak?

45.

And they didn’t speak in
order to save breath [breθ].
Every time they climbed a bit
higher, their progress became
a bit slower.

46.

In order to save breath
[breθ].

47.

What were they confident
of?

48.

They stopped and lay down
every few steps because of
the lack of oxygen. They
were confident of their ability
[ə’biliti], however, and finally
they achieved their
impossible goal

49.

They were confident of
their ability [ə’biliti]

50.

Did they achieve their
impossible goal?

51.

They stopped and lay down
every few steps because of
the lack of oxygen. They
were confident of their
ability, however, and finally
they achieved their
impossible goal

52.

Yes, they did

53.

How did they feel?

54.

They reached the top of
Mount Everest without
oxygen – feeling physically
worse, but also happier than
they ever [evə] imagined
[i’mædʒind]

55.

Happier than they ever
imagined [i’mædʒind]

56.

Going down

57.

Free diving [daiviŋ]–
нырянье без снаряжения

58.

What do you think of free
diving?

59.

Is it interesting?
Is it exciting?
Is it dangerous?

60.

How long can most people
hold their breath?

61.

For a bit longer than a
minute – long enough
[i’nʌf] to dive [daiv] down
4 meters [mi:təz]

62.

Sara Campbell went
much deeper (глубже) than
that

63.

She held her breath for
over 3 and a half minutes

64.

She became the world free
diving [daiviŋ] champion by
diving 96 meters below the
surface [sɜːfis] of the sea

65.

Free diving [daiviŋ is
much more dangerous
than you think

66.

50 people a year die [dai]
doing this sport

67.

Sara’s very brave. People
call her “Mighty [maiti]
Mouse”

68.

But she’s only 1 meter 52
centimeters tall

69.

She started diving in 2006
when she was 33 years old

70.

During her dives [daivz]
her lungs [lʌŋz] become
[bi’kʌm] the size of
oranges

71.

The pain is almost
unbearable [ʌn’beərəbl]

72.

She meditates to control
her fear [fiə]

73.

Sara knows that her
mental strength is as
important as her physical
strength

74.

She’s fitter than before

75.

She’s determined to go
further in this sport

76.

Boundaries of possibility –
границы возможного

77.

Most people can hold their
breath for a bit longer than a
minute – long enough [i’nʌf]
to dive down about 4 meters
to the bottom of a swimming
pool

78.

But in April 2008 Sara
Campbell went much deeper
than that. She held her breath
for over 3 and a half minutes

79.

And became the world freediving champion by diving
96 meters below the surface
of the sea. Free diving is
much more dangerous than
you think

80.

And Sara is very brave – 50
people a year die doing this
sport.

81.

What’s more extraordinary
is that “the mighty mouse”
as she is known (she’s only
1 m 52 centimeters tall),
only started diving in 2006
when she was 33 years old

82.

During her dives Sara’s
lungs become the size of
oranges, the pain is almost
unbearable and she
meditates to control her
fear.

83.

Sara knows that she is very
strong mentally, and that her
mental strength is as
important as her physical
strength.

84.

She is a talented diver and
she is fitter than ever before.
She’s also determined to go
further in this sport. “I still
haven’t found the boundaries
of possibility”, she says

85.

Tell us what you
remember about Sara
Campbell

86.

Exercise 2
Page 40

87.

Figure out if the following
sentences are true or false

88.

1. Habeler and Messner
were the first people to
reach the top of Everest

89.

Sir Edmund Hilary and
Tenzing Norgay climbed
[klaimd] to the top of Mount
Everest in 1953. Peter Habeler
and Reinhold Messner aren’t
as famous as Hilary and
Tenzing

90.

1. Edmund Hilary and
Tenzing Norgay were the
first people to reach the top
of Everest

91.

2. It took them 2 hours to
go 800 meters

92.

The air at the top of Everest
contains very little oxygen and
it is much more difficult to
breathe up there. When they
were about 800 meters from the
top, getting dressed took over 2
hours

93.

2. It took them 2 hours to
get dressed when they were
about 800 meters from the
top

94.

3. They stayed silent
because breathing and
talking was very difficult

95.

And they didn’t speak in
order to save breath. Every
time they climbed a bit
higher, their progress became
a bit slower.

96.

3. They stayed silent
because breathing and
talking was very difficult

97.

4. Climbing was easier as
they got nearer the top of
the mountain

98.

And they didn’t speak in
order to save breath. Every
time they climbed a bit
higher, their progress became
a bit slower.

99.

4. Climbing was more
difficult as they got nearer
the top of the mountain

100.

5. Free diving in the sea is a
very safe sport

101.

Free diving is much more
dangerous than you thinkю
And Sara is very brave – 50
people a year die doing this
sport.

102.

5. Free diving in the sea is a
very dangerous sport

103.

6. Sara’s nickname is
“Mighty Mouse” because
she’s very small

104.

What’s more extraordinary
is that “the mighty mouse”
as she is known (she’s only
1 m 52 centimeters tall),
only started diving in 2006
when she was 33 years old

105.

6. Sara’s nickname is
“Mighty Mouse” because
she’s very small

106.

7. Sara’s body changes as
she dives down into the
water

107.

During her dives Sara’s
lungs become the size of
oranges, the pain is almost
unbearable and she
meditates to control her
fear.

108.

7. Sara’s body changes as
she dives down into the
water

109.

8. She has a lot of mental
strength

110.

Sara knows that she is very
strong mentally, and that her
mental strength is as
important as her physical
strength.

111.

8. She has a lot of mental
strength

112.

Exercise 4
Page 41

113.

Vocabulary

114.

Brave

115.

Confident

116.

Determined- полный
решимости

117.

Fit – в хорошей физической
форме

118.

Funny

119.

Generous - щедрый

120.

Intellingent

121.

Motivated

122.

Reliable [ri’laibl]

123.

Talented person

124.

What’s Sara Campbell
like?

125.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

126.

She’s……

127.

What are Habeler and
Messner like?

128.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

129.

They’re……

130.

Exercise
Page 130

131.

Use one of the adjectives
from exercise 4 to
paraphrase the sentences

132.

1. My aunt gives her time
and money to other people

133.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

134.

1. My aunt is generous

135.

2. Jane feels sure that she
will pass her end-of-year
exam

136.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

137.

2. Jane is confident

138.

3. Mick always makes
people laugh

139.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

140.

3. Mick is funny

141.

4. Sarah can understand
things quickly. She’s got
lots of qualifications

142.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

143.

4. Sarah’s very intelligent

144.

5. Petra always does what
she says she will do

145.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

146.

5. Petra is reliable

147.

6. Flora is very keen
because she’s interested in
what she does

148.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

149.

6. Flora is motivated

150.

7. My dad never lets
anyone/anything stop him

151.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

152.

7. My dad is very
determined

153.

8. Penny is very healthy
and strong. She exercises
at least 5 times a week

154.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

155.

8. Penny’s very fit

156.

9. Sam has a lot of natural
ability as a writer

157.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

158.

9. Sam is a talented writer

159.

10. Sara isn’t afraid of
anything

160.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

161.

10. Sara’s brave

162.

Exercise 6
Page 41

163.

Comparisons

164.

1. Rich - richer

165.

Bill Gates is richer than(чем)
Roman Abramovich

166.

2. Big - bigger

167.

An elephant is bigger than a
tiger

168.

3. Happy - happier

169.

People in Thailand are
happier than people in
Africa

170.

4. Dangerous – more
dangerous

171.

A shark is more dangerous
than a snake

172.

Rich
Richer
Big
Bigger
Friendly
Friendlier
Expensive
More
expensive

173.

5. Good - better

174.

The movie is better than the
book

175.

Bad - worse

176.

This apple is worse than that
one

177.

Good
Better
Bad
Worse
Far
Farther
(Further)
More
Less
Much, many
Little

178.

As……as

179.

An elephant isn‘t as big as a
tiger

180.

Snakes are as dangerous as
sharks

181.

Exercise 7
Page 41

182.

Make comparisons with
information from the box

183.

Motivated
Louisa +
Carla+++

184.

Carla is more motivated
than Louisa

185.

Fit
Louisa +++
Carla++

186.

Louisa is fitter than Carla

187.

Determined
Louisa +++
Carla ++

188.

Louisa is more determined
than Carla

189.

Brave
Louisa +
Carla +++

190.

Carla is braver than
Louisa

191.

Exercise 9
Page 41

192.

Answer the questions.
Match each question with
an adjective in exercise 4

193.

1. Are you usually quite
happy to do your
homework or do you need
someone to push you?

194.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

195.

1. Are you usually
motivated to do your
homework or do you need
someone to push you?

196.

2. At a party are you more
likely to tell jokes or listen
to someone else telling
jokes?

197.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

198.

2. At a party are you
funny?

199.

3. When you’ve made an
arrangement to meet a
friend are you always on
time, sometimes late or
always late?

200.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

201.

3. Are you reliable?

202.

4, How do you feel about
giving a speech in front of
a lot of people? Do you
feel fine, nervous or
completely terrified?

203.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

204.

Do you feel confident
when you have to give a
speech in front of a lot of
people?

205.

1. How do you feel about
running 10 kilometers? Do
you feel fine or exhausted
just thinking about it?

206.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

207.

1. Are you fit enough to
run 10 kilometers?

208.

2. How many of these
things are you good at:
sport, art, music,
languages, math, drama
or none of these?

209.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

210.

2. How talented are you?

211.

3. For a friend’s birthday
are you more likely to buy
a nice present or buy
nothing because it’s too
expensive?

212.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

213.

3. How generous are you?

214.

4. How do you feel when
something doesn’t work out for
you the first time you do it? Do
you give up immediately, try
again once or try again until
you succeed?

215.

brave
generous
confident
intelligent
determined motivated
fit
reliable
funny
talented

216.

4. How determined are
you?

217.

Exercise 1
Page 24 (Workbook)

218.

Complete the sentences
with the correct word
from the box

219.

220.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

221.

1.
I had a job ………..
the other day – I
didn’t get the job
though

222.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

223.

1.
I had a job interview
the other day – I
didn’t get the job
though

224.

2. I want to travel
……..this summer, maybe
to France

225.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

226.

2. I want to travel abroad
this summer, maybe to
France

227.

3. He likes ….. sports like
mountain climbing and
free-diving

228.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

229.

3. He likes extreme sports
like mountain climbing
and free-diving

230.

4. They ran a marathon to
….. money for charity

231.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

232.

4. They ran a marathon to
raise money for charity

233.

5. She achieved her …. of
climbing Mont Blanc

234.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

235.

5. She achieved her goal of
climbing Mont Blanc

236.

6. I find it difficult to …..
my fear of flying – I hate
planes

237.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

238.

7. When climbing in the
Himalayas you have to ….
on a team to help you

239.

6. I find it difficult to …..
my fear of flying – I hate
planes

240.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

241.

7. When climbing in the
Himalayas you have to
rely on a team to help you

242.

8. He has a lot of physical
……..– he goes to the gym
4 times a week

243.

abroad
interview
control
raise
extreme
rely
goal
strength

244.

8. He has a lot of physical
strength – he goes to the
gym 4 times a week

245.

Exercise 2
Page 24 (Workbook)

246.

Read the text below and
complete the sentences
using the words in
brackets

247.

ABT extreme sports

248.

Kayaking

249.

Base jumping – jumping
from fixed objects

250.

ABT extreme sports
holidays
Kayaking, mountain
climbing, base jumping and
free diving

251.

Accommodation
4-star hotel, all meals
provided
You need to be
over 16
a strong swimmer, very fit

252.

Cost
1 week: 500 dollars
1 month: 1500 dollars

253.

Knockout vacations

254.

Try 15 extreme sports!
Minimum age is 18. No
experience necessary.
Beginners welcome. Nonstop fun and games!

255.

Accommodation: simple
flats for 6 people. Price: 349
dollars per person. All
vacations last 7 days

256.

1.
The courses at ABT
(expensive) ….. the
courses at Knockout

257.

ABT – 500 dollars (1
week)
Knockout - 349 dollars (a
week)

258.

1.
These courses at ABT
are more expensive
than the courses at
Knockout

259.

2. ABT has …. (good)
accommodation
…Knockout

260.

ABT –4-star hotel
Knockout – simple flats
for 6 people

261.

2. ABT has better
accommodation than
Knockout

262.

3. Knockout
sounds…(enjoyable)….
ABT

263.

ABT - kayaking, mountain
climbing, base jumping and
free diving
Knockout - non-stop fun
and games!

264.

3. Knockout sounds more
enjoyable than ABT

265.

4. Knockout seems
….(friendly) …..ABT

266.

ABT - You need to be
over 16, a strong swimmer,
very fit
Knockout - No experience
necessary. Beginners welcome

267.

4. Knockout seems
friendlier than ABT

268.

5. You can do (long)
courses at ABT

269.

ABT – 1 month -1500
dollars
Knockout – all vacations
last 7 days

270.

5. You can do longer
courses at ABT

271.

6. Knockout has a…. (great)
variety …. ABT

272.

ABT - Kayaking, mountain
climbing, base jumping and
free diving
Knockout - Try 15 extreme
sports!

273.

6. Knockout has a greater
variety than ABT

274.

7. ABT welcomes people
who are …. (young) …. 18

275.

ABT - You need to be
over 16

276.

7. ABT welcomes people
who are younger than 18

277.

8. For ABT you need to
be… (fit) …. normal people

278.

ABT - You need to be
over 16
a strong swimmer, very fit

279.

8. For ABT you need to be
fitter than normal people

280.

Exercise 3
Page 24 (Workbook)

281.

Paraphrase the second
sentences

282.

1.
The Pacific is 76763
million square km. The
Atlantic is 155 557
million square km
(Big)

283.

The Pacific is
(big)……the Atlantic
1.

284.

1. The Pacific is bigger
than the Atlantic

285.

2. Free diving is dangerous
Swimming isn’t dangerous
(dangerous)

286.

2. Free diving
is….(dangerous)…..
swimming

287.

2. Free diving is more
dangerous than swimming

288.

3. Mountain climbing is
difficult. Without oxygen is
very difficult
(difficult)

289.

3. Mountain climbing with
oxygen isn’t ... (difficult)…
mountain climbing without
oxygen

290.

3. Mountain climbing with
oxygen isn’t as difficult as
mountain climbing without
oxygen

291.

4. Physical strength is
important for divers.
Mental strength is very
important
(important)

292.

4. Physical strength isn’t....
(important)….. mental
strength

293.

4. Physical strength isn’t as
important as mental
strength to divers

294.

5. Temba climbed Everest
when he was 15.
Sherman Bull May
climbed Everest when he
was 64 (old)

295.

5. Temba wasn’t as...
(old)…. Sherman Bull May
when he climbed Everest

296.

5. Temba Tsheri wasn’t as
old as Sherman Bull when
he climbed Everest

297.

6. Junichi Koide dived 132
m. Tanya Streeter dived
160 m. (deep)

298.

6. Tanya
dived….(deep)…..Junichi

299.

6. Tanya dived deeper than
Junichi

300.

Exercise 4
Page 25 (Workbook)

301.

Read the text about the
brothers and mark the
sentences as true or false

302.

I have 3 brothers, Martin,
Tim and James. Martin is 1
m. 96 tall, Tim is 1 m. 94
tall and James is 1 m 78

303.

Tim is very intelligent – he
got 5 As in the last exams.
Martin got 4 As. James
didn’t get any As

304.

James is really fit. He can
run without stopping for ten
kilometers. Martin and Tim
can’t run for more than 2
minutes

305.

Martin is very talented. He
paints really well and also
plays 3 musical instruments.
James plays the guitar well,
but Tim isn’t talented at all

306.

Martin is very tall,
intelligent and very
talented, but not very fit

307.

Tim is tall, very
intelligent, not very fit and
isn’t talented at all

308.

1. Martin is much taller
than Tim

309.

I have 3 brothers, Martin,
Tim and James. Martin is 1
m. 96 tall, Tim is 1 m. 94
tall and James is 1 m 78

310.

1. Martin is much taller
than James. He’s a bit taller
than Tim

311.

2. Tim is a bit shorter than
Martin

312.

I have 3 brothers, Martin,
Tim and James. Martin is 1
m. 96 tall, Tim is 1 m. 94
tall and James is 1 m 78

313.

2. Tim is a bit shorter than
Martin

314.

3. Tim is a bit more
intelligent than James

315.

Tim is very intelligent – he
got 5 As in the last exams.
Martin got 4 As. James
didn’t get any As

316.

3. Tim is much more
intelligent than James

317.

4. James is much fitter than
Martin

318.

James is really fit. He can
run without stopping for ten
kilometers. Martin and Tim
can’t run for more than 2
minutes

319.

4. James is much fitter than
Martin

320.

5. James is a bit fitter than
Tim

321.

James is really fit. He can
run without stopping for ten
kilometers. Martin and Tim
can’t run for more than 2
minutes

322.

6. James is much fitter than
Tim

323.

6. Martin is much more
talented than Tim

324.

Martin is very talented. He
paints really well and also
plays 3 musical instruments.
James plays the guitar well,
but Tim isn’t talented at all

325.

6. Martin is much more
talented than Tim