The system of education in Great Britain

1.

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2.

Primary schools
The national curriculum for
primary schools
Secondary Schools
Higher Education – Universities
Conclusion
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3.

In England, children
start school when they
are 5 years old.
Sometimes, children
start just before their
5th birthday.
This is earlier than in
Russia and indeed most
other countries, where
children start school when
they are 6 or 7
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4.

Primary schools in England are divided into two: infant
schools for ages 5-7 and junior schools for ages 7 to 11.
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5.

In infant schools (ages 5-7), the main emphasis is on basic
literacy and numeracy - learning to read and write and basic
arithmetic.
In Junior schools are
required to teach: English,
Mathematics, Science,
Information Technology
(Computers), Religious
Education, Design and
Technology, History,
Geography, Art, Music
and Physical Education.
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6.

At the age of 11 in England,
children leave primary school
and go to secondary school,
and they are required to stay
at school until they are 16.
Most children go to
comprehensive schools. These
are schools for children of all
abilities that aim to teach the
full range of subjects.
Comprehensive schools
became the most common
sort of secondary schools in
the 1960s and 1970s.
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7.

Some children go to grammar
schools. These are schools for
the academically more able
children. Children have to
pass a test to get into grammar
schools. Grammar schools
have a long history in
England. Before the
introduction of computers,
children who failed the test to
go to a grammar school went
to separate secondary schools.
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8.

Most state secondary schools in
England are now for boys and girls.
Until the 1960s and 70s, there were
separate schools for boys and girls. The
separate schools were most common
among grammar schools and church
schools.
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9.

The National
Curriculum at
Secondary schools
includes:
English, Mathematics,
Science, Design and
Technology, IT,
History, Geography,
Modern Foreign
Languages, Art,
Music and PE.
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10.

Children are required to
study a foreign language
for only 3 years. The most
popular are French,
German and Spanish.
Some schools offer other
languages, but many teach
only French and German.
Most children do not study
a foreign language for
more than 3 years.
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11.

At age of 16, pupils take examinations in most of these subjects.
In England, the exams are called GCSEs (General Certificate of
Secondary Education) At the age 16 pupils have a choice.
They can stay on at school to study for more exams, usually in
academic subjects, to qualify for higher education, or they can
leave and go to college to study for more exams or to get the
skills and qualifications they need for work.
Some pupils start work at 16
and go to college part time to
get their qualifications. Those
who want to go on to Higher
Education (universities)
specialise in a narrower
range of subjects at the age
of 16.
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12.

There are around 100 universities in
Great Britain. Some are very old.
Oxford and Cambridge were
founded in the 12-th and 13-th
centuries and are among the oldest
universities in Europe. Higher
education began to expand in the 19th. The 3rd university to be founded
in England was at Durham in 1832,
and was followed by other new
universities in major cities in the late
19-th and 20-th centuries. There
were further waves of expansion in
the 1960s and the 1990s in both
England.
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13.

Most universities in
Great Britain teach a
wide range of
subjects - science and
engineering, natural
sciences, humanities
and social sciences,
law, accountancy, and
some have medical
schools.
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14.

The first degree in England
is called a Bachelor's degree
(BA or BSс), and usually
takes 3 years. Students
usually study only one or
two subjects in great detail
for 3 years. English
universities are unusual in
Europe for offering such
specialised degrees.
The reason is because to qualify for university, students have to
show that they have passed exams in a broad range of subjects
and so are prepare to specialise.
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15.

Although universities get most
of their funding from the state,
higher education is not
free. Last year in England the
government introduced a new
system. Fees have been
increased to £3000 a year.
British students do not pay
fees each year, but after they
have graduated and when their
incomes reach a certain level,
they start to pay a special tax to
pay for their education.
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16.

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17.

The government of
England is
committed to
providing a high
quality education at
all levels from
primary schools to
universities, and
recognise the
importance of
education.
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