Olga’s friend. Speaker 2

1.

2.

A good way to make the most of December
31st is…

3.

A good way to make the most of December
31st is…
• Anna
• Pavel
• Olga
• Olga’s friend
• Chris

4.

Declutter

5.

Speaker 2. Olga’s friend
Choose the points she mentions.
• She thinks that we should:
1) not drink too much tea
2) go for a walk around the city centre
3) get a bit of exercise
4) avoid the shops

6.

7.

Clear the cobwebs

8.

Speaker 2. Olga’s friend
• So, a good way to make the most of December 31st is not to drink too much
too soon because it’s a very long day and a very long night. So, you don’t
want to be drinking too much, or if you do, stick to tea. Another idea – go
for a lovely country walk, fresh air, clear the cobwebs, as we call it, which
means that you’ve been stuck in the 1)house for a long time eating and
drinking. And now you need to get some nice fresh air and a bit of exercise
to reinvigorate yourself, ready for the trauma of New Year’s eve. And
2)finally, I would say, avoid the shops. We used to have sales that start in
January, they were called “The January sales”, now they start the day
3)after Christmas. This is a Bank holiday, a public holiday, it’s always a
public holiday. But the shops now 4)have to open so that we can start the
sales. So everybody, having just 5)shopped, consistently, all the way out to
Christmas day, can now go out shopping the day after Christmas. Horrid!

9.

• Подышать свежим воздухом – get some nice fresh air

10.

Speaker 3. Olga
• She thinks that we should
1) not be anxious about cooking
2) not to think about your achievements during the year
3) count books that we read
On December 31st Olga usually …

11.

Speaker 3. Olga
• A good way for me to make the most of December 31st is definitely
not to stress about cooking and cleaning. And I would say I normally
try to avoid thinking too much. I know that many of my friends like to
take stock of their achievements for the year. But I prefer not to dwell
on the past. I don’t like making lists, I don’t like counting books that I
read this year. I prefer to take it easy. I usually have a lie-in on
December 31st, I go for a walk, I would pick up my favourite book and
read a little bit, and then I would just enjoy the company of my family
or friends in the evening.

12.

Translate into English
• Не нервничать по поводу готовки и уборки
• Я предпочитаю расслабиться
• Составлять список

13.

14.

Speaker 4. Anastasia
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is to ____ an early
morning and do some last-minute shopping with a thoughtful ___ in
hand. It is also a great chance to ___ a moment and call your loved
ones and ____ some wishes before the clock strikes ______.

15.

Speaker 4. Anastasia
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is to have an early
morning and do some last-minute shopping with a thoughtful list in
hand. It is also a great chance to take a moment and call your loved
ones and spread some wishes before the clock strikes midnight.

16.

Translate into English
• Продуманный список
• Воспользоваться моментом

17.

Speaker 5. Chris
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is to …

18.

Speaker 5. Chris
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is to stay home with
your friends and family, going out to town is always too stressful and
never worth the hassle.

19.

20.

Speaker 6. Anna
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is, I guess, is to try …

21.

Some words below are not what Anna said.
Which ones?
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is, I guess, is to try
not to make the most of it. Just feel it easy, take it slow, bring yourself
a glass of champaign, get yourself a moment of peace and silence,
and ask yourself what you want. Maybe it’s nothing, maybe it’s a
book, maybe go for a walk, but honestly I just try to listen to myself
on this day.

22.

Anna
• A good way to make the most of December 31st is, I guess, is to try
not to make the most of it. Just take it easy, take it slow, get yourself a
glass of wine, get yourself a moment of peace and quiet, and ask
yourself what you want. Maybe it’s nothing, maybe it’s a book, maybe
go for a party, but personally I just try to listen to myself on this day.

23.

Translate into English
• Налить себе бокал вина
• Тишина и покой

24.

How to write a good essay
• Introduction (advantages\disadvantages; discuss both points)
• Main body of text (2-3 paragraphs)
• Conclusion

25.

How to write a clear and simple introduction
• A basic introduction has two sentences:
1. A simple paraphrase of the question.
2. Your position (overall opinion).

26.

Some people think that social networking sites have a huge
negative impact on both individuals and society.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- It is often suggested…
- It can be argued…
- There is a tendency ….

27.

Some people think that social networking sites have a huge
negative impact on both individuals and society.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- It is often suggested that networking sites negatively affect both individuals of
different ages and society in general. Personally, I think that such resources
are excellent opportunities for socializing as well as for helping people feel
less isolated.

28.

Write the introductions to the following
essays
1)
Some people say that to prevent illness and disease,
governments should focus more on reducing environmental
pollution\ecocide and housing problems\financial insecurity.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
They cause mental and physical issues for people.
They give rise to mental issues and…
1)
Learning at university would be more effective if men and
women were educated separately. To what extent do you
agree or disagree?
2)
People living in the 21st century have a better life quality
than people who lived in previous times. To what extent do
you agree or disagree?
-It is often
suggested…
-It can be
argued…
-There is a
tendency (to)
….
- Personally, I
think…

29.

Around the world, people are now living longer than ever before in the
past. Some say an ageing population creates problems for
governments. Others believe there are benefits to society having more
elderly people.
To what extent do the advantages of possessing an ageing population
outweigh the disadvantages?

30.

Advantages\disadvantages essay structure

31.

Introduction
In recent years, the global population has experienced a significant
increase in life expectancy, leading to a phenomenon known as an
ageing population. While some argue that this trend poses challenges
for governments, others believe that the benefits to society outweigh
the drawbacks. Personally, I think that elderly people are a valuable
part of any society.

32.

Topic sentence: state 1 advantage
One of the primary advantages of an ageing population is the wealth of
experience and knowledge that older individuals can contribute to
society.

33.

Explanation: give details explaining the
advantage
They have vast life experience and know how to deal with various
issues, such as stress, anxiety, grief and other difficulties. Elderly people
can share their knowledge and valuable insights with younger
generations.

34.

Give an example
• Healthy older adults often provide financial assistance to younger
generations, pay more in taxes than the benefits they receive, and
offer unpaid childcare and voluntary work. Additionally, governments
can support continuing and lifelong education and healthcare for all,
as well as promote employment among traditionally excluded groups,
such as women and older persons, to maximize the benefits of an
ageing population.

35.

3) Main body paragraph: disadvantage

36.

Topic sentence: state 1 disadvantage
On the other hand, governments may face higher financial burdens,
such as increased pensions and healthcare expenditures. Additionally,
elderly people may stay without family support and may rely on public
or private institutions, which also becomes a financial responsibility of
official bodies.

37.

Give details explaining the disadvantage
Many states deal with the challenge of balancing their financial
obligations to retirees with the need to use money in other critical
areas such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. As populations
age and the number of retirees continues to rise, the strain on state
budgets is only expected to intensify.

38.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
online learning
• Divide your piece of paper into two columns and make a list of
advantages and disadvantages

39.

Divide your piece of paper into two columns and
make a list of advantages and disadvantages
1) It is becoming increasingly popular to take a year off between finishing
school and going to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages
of this?
2) There seems to be an increasing trend towards assessing students through
exams rather than continual assessment. What are the advantages and
disadvantages of this?
3) Some people find living in the country enjoyable and relaxing, whereas
others would not like to live in the country and would instead prefer to live in
a big city. Do the advantages of living in the country outweigh the
disadvantages?