Truck/Trailer Course

1.

Truck/Trailer Course
Oakland, CA
DATE 1/11/99
INSTRUCTORS
MARK ROGERS - JACK KURZ

2. BASIC REFRIGERATION

CARRIER TRANSICOLD
ONE WEEK
CONTAINER COURSE
INSTRUCTORS
MARK ROGERS, JACK KURZ

3. There are 3 rules to Learning REFRIGERATION

Rule 1.
Rule 2.
Rule 3.
Learn the Basics
Learn the Basics
Learn the Basics

4. What is Refrigeration

The MOVEMENT of HEAT
from a place where it is not
wanted to a place where it is
Unobjectionable.

5. Refrigeration

6. Refrigeration

7. HEAT

What is heat ?
A form of energy
What is cold ?
Absence of heat
How does heat flow ?
High Heat to Low Heat
Does cold flow ?
No
How do we measure it ?
British Thermal Unit (BTU)

8. BRITISH THERMAL UNIT (BTU)

THE AMOUNT OF HEAT REQUIRED TO
RAISE ONE POUND OF WATER ONE
DEGREE FAHRENHEIT at Sea Level
Example :
To raise the temperature of 2lbs. of water
from 80 to 85 Degrees F. would require
BTU’s of
heat.
10 BTU,s

9. HEAT FLOWS 3 WAYS:

CONDUCTION
CONVECTION
RADIATION

10. CONDUCTION

The Transfer of Heat from Molecule to
Molecule through a substance by Chain
Collision
Ex: Heating one end of a copper tube, will
cause the other end to get hot.

11. CONVECTION

Heat Transfer By The Movement Of
Molecules From One Place To
Another
Ex. Convection oven
Forced air furnace

12. RADIATION

Transfer of Heat by passing from a source to
an absorbent surface without heating the
space in between.
Ex. SUNLIGHT -Goes thru a window without heating
the glass but heats the surface in the room it is shinning on

13. TEMPERATURE

The measure of the intensity of heat in a
substance.
Temperature indicates the average
velocity of molecules of a substance.
What does a thermometer measure ?
Heat Intensity

14. TEMPERATURE

FAHRENHEIT
CELSIUS
BOILING PT >
212
100
FREEZING PT >
32
0
ABSOLUTE 0 >
-459.7
-273

15.

16. SENSIBLE HEAT

is the energy of molecular motion.
causes a change in Temperature, No change
in State.
can be measured with a thermometer.

17. LATENT HEAT

Is the energy of molecular separation and
arrangement
Causes a Change in State, with No change
in Temperature.
Cannot be measured with a Thermometer.

18. SATURATED MIXTURE

At a Temperature Equal to it’s Boiling Point
or Condensing Point. Both Vapor and
Liquid present.
Addition of Heat = Boiling
Removal of Heat = Condensing

19. SUB-COOLED LIQUID

At a Temperature BELOW it’s Boiling
Point. 100% LIQUID, no vapor present.
1 lb. of water at sea level @ 200 degrees F.
What do we have?
Sub-Cooled Liquid.
Sub-Cooled by 12 degrees F.

20. SUPERHEATED VAPOR

At a Temperature ABOVE it’s Boiling
Point. 100% Vapor, NO Liquid present.
1 lb. of water at sea level @ 220 degrees F.
What do we have ?
Superheated Vapor
superheated by 8 degrees F.

21. PRESSURE

Gauge
Scale
ATMOSPHERE
0 PSIG
PSIA
0 IN HG
29.92 IN HG
VACUUM
0 IN HG
29.92 IN HG
Absolute
Scale
14.7

22. Enthalpy 1 lb water OH

23. PRESSURE /BOILING POINT

Pressure Movement. How does pressure flow?
HIGH to low.
Boiling point changes with?
ALTITUDE
as pressure increases boiling point increases.
as pressure decreases boiling point decreases
At the Boiling point we have both LIQUID and
VAPOR

24. Types of Refrigeration Systems

What are the different types of refrigeration systems?
Open Loop -
refrigerant is only used once, e.g.., ice cubes, dry ice,
water.
Closed Loop refrigerant is used over and over again, e.g.., a/c,
refrigerators, freezers.
CTD equipment is all closed loop system’s

25. OH 4 loop system

26. REFRIGERANT

What is a refrigerant ?
A medium to move heat.
A Substance that gives up Heat by Condensing at
High Temperatures and Pressures and absorbs Heat
by Evaporating at Low Temperatures and Pressures
CARRIER TRANSICOLD uses R-22, R-134a, R-404a

27. Pt chart / service valves end

28. LEGEND

HT = High Temperature
HP = High Pressure
LT = Low Temperature
LP = Low Pressure
SCL = Sub-Cooled Liquid
SM = Saturated Mixture
SHV = Super Heated Vapor

29. COLOR KEY REFRIGERATION FLOW

HT HP SHV
HT HP SM
HT HP SCL
LT LP SM
LT LP SHV
FLASH GAS

30. Refrigerant Flow

The High Side

31.

TXV
Receiver
Fusible
Plug
Sight
Glasses
Quench Valve
Discharge
Service Valve
High Pressure
Switch (HP-2)
High Pressure
Switch (HP-1)
Manual Liquid
Line Shut-Off Valve
Subcooler
SV2
Filter
Dryer
SV4
SV3
SV1
Discharge
Compressor
Check Valve
Discharge Vibrasorber
Cooling Mode
Condenser

32. Refrigerant Flow

The Low Side

33.

Flash Gas
External Equalizer Line
TXV
TXV
Bulb
Quench Valve
Evaporator
Suction Vibrasorber
Suction
Service
Valve
Compressor
Cooling Mode

34. Refrigerant Flow

Heat/Defrost

35.

Heat/Defrost Mode