DVIZH_Spotlight_11_mod 4c

1.

We use the passive voice to give emphasis to the action rather than the
person who did it.
(Active)
(Passive)
All employees must
sign the form.
The form must be
signed by all employees.
Subject
to be + V3 + agent (by)

2.

Read the text and list the passive forms in the text. What are the
active forms?

3.

Which word do we use to introduce the agent? (i.e. the person/thing that
performed the action) When do we omit it? Find examples in the text.
We use ‘by’ to introduce the agent.
‘By’ + agent is omitted when it is obvious,
unimportant, unknown or already mentioned
who/what is doing the action.
For example:
‘The fire was still being fought’ (by firefighters)
‘An investigation will be started’ (by the police)

4.

Which word do we use to introduce the agent? (i.e. the person/thing that
performed the action) When do we omit it? Find examples in the text.
With agent:
‘damage has been caused by a fire’ (we need to
know what caused the damage)
Without agent:
‘debris is being cleared away’ (by cleaners);
‘until the cause of the fire is discovered’ ( by
the police);
‘reports had been made’ (by persons unknown);
‘characters were seen’ (by persons unknown);
Text
‘their identity has yet to be discovered’ (by the
police)

5.

Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
stolestole
-> was
(Pastbike
Simple)
1. Someone
mystolen
brother’s
yesterday.
Help
My brother’s bike was stolen yesterday.
2. I made this soup with carrots and
made -> was made (Past Simple)
coriander.
Help
This soup was made with carrots
and coriander.

6.

Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
is catering -> is being catered (Present
3. Who is catering Pam’s party?
Continuous)
Help
Who is Pam’s party being catered by?
4.will
They
have
willfinished
have finished
-> will have
theirbeen
house
finished (Future
by May. Perfect)
Help
Their house will have been
finished by May.

7.

Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
5. The ->
police
thieves.
arrested
werearrested
arrestedthe
(Past
Simple)
Help
The thieves were arrested.
6. Sam hates people telling him what
telling -> being told (Gerund)
to do.
Help
Sam hates being told what to do.

8.

Rewrite the sentences in the passive.
writes
-> writes
are written
(Present
7. Maria
the ‘Fifi
Fairy”Simple)
books.
Help
The ‘Fifi Fairy’ are written by Maria.
should make -> should be made (Modal
8. Jack should make an apology.
verbs)
Help
An apology should be made by
Jack.

9.

Form sentences using the passive.
1. I think there’s somebody behind us. (we/follow)
We are being followed.
Present
Continuous
2. He’s very angry. (hate/keep waiting)
He hates to be kept waiting.
Infinitive
3. It’s private parking. (parking/not allow)
Present
Simple
Parking is not allowed.
4. This is very serious. (something/need do/immediately)
Something needs to be done immediately.
Infinitive

10.

5. Please go now. (I want/leave alone)
I want to be left alone.
6. Have you heard the news? (Mayor/shoot)
The Mayor has been shot.
Infinitive
Present
Perfect
7. Stella didn’t go to the party. (she/not invite)
She wasn’t invited.
8. Can I help you, sir? (No, thanks/I/serve)
No, thanks. I am being served.
Past Simple
Present
Continuous

11.

9. He hasn’t received the parcel. (it may/send/wrong address)
It may have been sent to the wrong
Modal verb
address.
10. They pulled down the old factory. (cinema complex/build/next May)
A cinema complex will have been built
(there) be next May.
Future
Perfect

12.

Change the text below into the passive. In which examples is the
person who does it (the agent) not needed?
1. An unusual way of predicting earthquakes has been discovered by
scientists in China – snakes!
2. Snakes at local snake farms are being observed (by experts) to see if
their behavior changes before an earthquakes.
3. Cameras are linked to a broadband Internet connection (by scientists).
4. It is believed that earthquakes from 120 km away can be sensed (by
snakes), three to four days before they happen.
5. Their nests are abandoned or even walls are smashed into to escape.
6. Because China is struck frequently (by earthquakes), a reliable method
of predicting them must be found (by scientists) to avoid the terrible
injury and loss of life that is caused (by them/earthquakes).
1
2
3
4
5
6

13.

Study the table below and say how personal and impersonal passive
constructions are formed. Then, turn the sentences into the passive.
Personal
Impersonal
They think that she
is very ill.
She is thought to be
very ill.
It is thought that
she is very ill.
They say that he was
a genius.
He is said to have
been a genius
It is said that he was
a genius.
1. They believe that she
is resting at home.
She is believed to
be resting at home.
It is believed that
she is resting at home.
2. The newspapers report
that the doctor made a
mistake in the diagnosis.
The doctor is
reported to have
made a mistake in the
diagnosis.
It is reported that
the doctor made a
mistake in the
diagnosis.

14.

Personal
Impersonal
3. Scientists expect the
tsunami to hit at 8 am.
The tsunami is
expected to hit at 8 am.
It is expected that the
tsunami will hit at 8 am.
4. They know that she
has a difficult character.
She is known to have a
difficult character.
It is known that she
has a difficult character.
5. They say that a
monster lives in a lake in
Scotland.
A monster is said to
live in a lake in Scotland.
It is said that a
monster lives in a lake in
Scotland.
6. They believe that
Andrea was treated very
badly.
Andrea is believed to
have been treated very
badly.
It is believed that
Andrea was treated very
badly.
7. Doctors think that the
number of cases of
asthma is rising.
The number of cases of
asthma is thought to be
rising.
It is thought that the
number of cases of
asthma is rising.

15.

You know, I
wash my car.
Really? I have
my car washed.

16.

I have my hair cut.
I cut my hair.
Causative Form
(to have something done)

17.

Causative Form
to have
something
done
Present Simple
I have my room cleaned.
Past Simple
I had my room cleaned.
Future Simple
I will have my room cleaned.
Present Continuous
I am having my room cleaned.
Past Continuous
I was having my room cleaned.
Future Continuous
I will be having my room cleaned.
Present Perfect
I have had my room cleaned.
Past Perfect
I had had my room cleaned.
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
I have been having my room cleaned.
I had been having my room cleaned.
Infinitive
I want to have my room cleaned.
Gerund
I like having my room cleaned.
Modal Verbs
I should have my room cleaned.

18.

Match the sentences (a-b) to the pictures. Which of the sentences
means that someone is doing something for someone else?
Someone is doing something for
someone else.
a. Tony is cleaning his cut.
b. Tony is having his cut
cleaned.

19.

Write sentences in the causative, as in the example.
1. A nurse took off Sean’s cast
this morning. Sean ……
Sean had his cast taken off
this morning.
2. The doctor is examining
Sarah’s head. Sarah ……
Sarah is having her head
examined.

20.

3. Greg’s mum will shorten his
jacket. Greg ……
Greg will have his jacket
shortened.
4. A hairstylist is going to
do Sylvia’s hair for the
wedding. Sylvia ……
Sylvia is going to have her
hair done for the wedding.

21.

5. My mum put a bandage on my
ankle. I ……
I had a bandage put on my
ankle.
6. Liz has just been to the
optician’s for an eye test.
Liz ……
Liz has just had her eyes
tested.

22.

7. Someone comes to mow our
lawn once a week. We ……
We have our lawn mowed once
a week.
8. Someone had repaired
the roof before they moved
in. They ………
They had the roof
repaired before they
moved in.

23.

Read the examples. Then rephrase the following using have, get or
make.
Frank’s mother made him go to the dentist.
(insisted)
Michelle got her friend to do her
homework for her.
(persuaded)
Mary had her brother collect her from the
station.
(asked)

24.

Read the examples. Then rephrase the following using have, get or
make.
1. John persuaded Ann to see a doctor.
John got Ann to see the doctor.
2. Julie insisted that Tony have a blood test.
Have = ask
Get = persuade
Make = insist
Julie made Tony have a blood test.
3. The scientist asked his assistant to tidy up the laboratory.
The scientist had his assistant tidy up laboratory.
4. The nurse managed to convince the patient to swallow the medicine.
The nurse got the patient to swallow the medicine.

25.

Read the examples. Then rephrase the following using have, get or
make.
5. Madeline will ask Mike to take her to the
dentist.
Madeline will have Mike take her to the dentist.
6. Sam asked the doctor to look at his injured leg.
Sam had the doctor look at his injured leg.
7. I’m going to convince Sarah to lend me her jacket.
I’m going to get Sarah to lend me her jacket.
Have = ask
Get = persuade
Make = insist

26.

To cover
in Закидывать, засыпать
To be involved
Быть
in вовлеченным во что-либо
To be treated
for
Ухаживать за кем-либо
To complain
Жаловаться на что-либо
about
To be allergic
Вызывать
to
аллергию на что-либо
To recover
from
Выздоравливать,
поправляться

27.

To cover in
Закидывать, засыпать
To be involved in
Быть вовлеченным во что-либо
To be treated for
Ухаживать за кем-либо
To complain about
Жаловаться на что-либо
To be allergic to
Вызывать аллергию на что-либо
To recover from
Выздоравливать, поправляться

28.

cover
complain
be
treated
allergic
… …… ……
To recover
involved
for
about
in
to
from
To
be
allergic
to
To
be
treated
To
cover
in
be involved
in
To complain
recover
from
To
about
for

29.

Fill in: of, in, for, from, to.
of
to
from
in
for
in

30.

Complete the gaps.

31.

Начинать,
приступать
ahead with
(proceed)
Исчезать,
уходить,
покидать
away
(disappear)
go
Пройти через,
получить опыт
through
(experience)
Обсуждать
в деталях
into
(discuss in detail)
Продолжать
on
(continue)

32.

Translate and give definitions to the phrasal verbs.
go ahead with
go through
go on
начинать, приступать
proceed
пройти через, получить опыт
experience
продолжать
continue
go away
исчезать, уходить, покидать
disappear
go into
обсуждать
discus
in detail
в деталях

33.

Try to guess the phrasal verb.
go ahead with
go away
go through
go on
go into

34.

Complete with: on, away, into, through, ahead.
into
through
away
on
ahead

35.

Complete the gaps.

36.

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
Use the word in bold. Use two to five words.
1. Helen insisted that Bill drive after the party.
made
made Bill
Helen ……………………… after party.
drive
2. They reported that three people were killed in
the accident.
have
reported to have
Three people were …………………………… in the accident.
been killed
3. They have knocked down the old factory at
last.
been
has been
The old factory ………………………………
at last.
knocked down

37.

4. She arranged for a tow truck to collect her
car.
had
had her car
She …………………………… a tow truck.
collected by
5. They will perform the operation tomorrow.
be
will be
The operation ………………………… tomorrow.
performed

38.

Fill in the gaps in the table.
Workbook

39.

Rewrite the following sentences in the correct passive tense. Two of
the sentences cannot be written in the passive. Explain why.

40.

Complete the endings of each sentence using by or with.

41.

Using the correct choice A, B or C from the option below, write
sentences in the passive voice.

42.

Rewrite the sentences below in both the personal and impersonal
forms of the passive, as in the example.

43.

Rewrite the sentences using the causative form, as in the example.

44.

Complete the sentences using the causative.

45.

Rephrase the following using have to, make or get to, as in the example.

46.

Fill in: ahead, away, into, on, through.

47.

Fill in: for, from, in, of, to.