Nucleic acids

1. Nucleic Acids

Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Agricultural Academy
named after K.A. Timiryazev

2. Frederick Griffith

British physician, pathologist, bacteriologist
Known for discovery of pneumococcal transformation

3. Griffith’s experiment

Died
Lived
Mouse with
virulent
pneumonia
Mouse with
heated virulent
pneumonia and
non-virulent
pneumonia
mixed together
Mouse with
non-virulent
pneumonia
Mouse with
heated, killed
virulent
pneumonia

4. Oswald Avery

Canadian-born American physician
and medical researcher.
The major part
of his career was spent
at the Rockefeller University
Hospital in New York City

5. dСMP

6. The principal bases in DNA

PYRIMIDINES
PURINES

7.

8.

9.

10.

11. The greatest discovery!

12. Form of DNA

А-form
В-form
Z-form

13. Histones

H2A, H2B, H3 и H4 – similar between distant
species:
- Н3 of calf differs from Н3 sea-urchin only in
one amino acid and from green peas Н3 in
tree amino acids
Н1 – more variable
- birds posses Н5 histone in erythrocytes
instead H1

14.

15.

16.

17. A simple interphase organization

From Prof. de Jong lecture, 2006

18. Interphase loop model

45SrDNA
H4 Acetylated
euchromatin
5SrDNA
cen4
DNA methylated
heterochromatin
chromosome4
chromosome4
territory
From Prof. de Jong lecture, 2006
N
u
Interphase
nucleus

19.

Trihybrid 1: CC x (FF x RR)
Mitosis: metaphase
A. fistulosum - Biotin, CY3
A. roylei - FITC
A. cepa - block DNA,
DAPI
Khrustaleva & Kik (1998) Theor Appl Genet 96: 8-14

20. FISH: Human chromosomes

21. Расположение 23 хромосом человека в прометафазе фибробластов