Input_Devices_PowerPoint

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COLLEGE IT
/
ENGLISH B1–B2
Input Devices: How We
Communicate with Computers
S O UN D
TEXT
A practical guide to everyday and emerging input
technology
A quick guide to the tools that help people communicate with computers.
I MAG E
MOT I O N
Explore text, sound, images, movement, and modern touch-based digital
interaction.
Designed for college IT students at B1–B2 English level today.
Presentation goal: understand the role, benefits, and limits of common input
devices.
L IEDE
B EA SI ITC S • R EA L - WO R L D US E
I N P18
U TS D
V I CSE S• /DECVOI LCLEE G
CO N T R O L
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What Is an Input Device in Computing?
INPUT · PROCESS · RESULT
An input device sends data or commands from a person into
a computer.
Output devices present results, such as screens, speakers,
and printers.
USER
INPUT
COMPUTER
Storage devices keep files for later use, including SSDs and
drives.
OUTPUT
Pressing a key creates an input signal that software can
process.
STORAGE
Results and files follow processing
A simple flow diagram: User → Input Device → Computer → Output / Storage,
with arrows and distinct icons.
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Why Input Quality Matters in Digital Systems
W H Y I T M AT T E R S
Digital systems rely on input before they can calculate,
respond, or control equipment.
SPEED
Clear input helps systems work faster and reduces avoidable
mistakes.
ACCURACY
Usability describes how easily people can learn and operate a
system.
USABILITY
Embedded systems use input to monitor and control one
specific task.
Reliable input → reliable response
Three large metric cards labelled Speed, Accuracy, and Usability, plus a small
embedded controller illustration.
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Four Main Types of Input Data Today
C L A S S I F Y T H E I N F O R M AT I O N
Text input includes letters, numbers, shortcuts, and
commands from a keyboard.
Sound input begins with microphones and may continue
through speech recognition software.
TEXT
SOUND
IMAGE
MOVEM EN T
Image input captures pictures or paper documents using
cameras and scanners.
Movement input tracks position, gestures, or orientation
through mice and sensors.
Four clear tiles with icons and
labels:T Text,
D ATA
Y P ESound, Image, Movement; colour-code
each tile.
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Keyboard: Entering Text and Computer Commands Quickly
TEXT AND COMMANDS
Keys enter letters, numbers, symbols, and shortcuts for
software commands.
A key press closes an electrical contact and produces a signal.
Matrix scanning checks rows and columns to identify the
pressed key.
ROW × COLUMN
Keyboards are precise and affordable, but typing can be
slower than speech.
K E Y M AT R I X
A keyboard with one highlighted key and a simple row-and-column matrix
diagram.
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Mouse: Pointing, Selecting, and Navigating Interfaces Visually
POINT AND CLICK
An optical sensor tracks tiny surface changes as the mouse
moves.
Buttons and the scroll wheel control selection, navigation,
and zoom.
CLICK
A graphical user interface, or GUI, uses windows, icons, and
pointers.
Mice offer precision, but they need a surface and one free
hand.
Move • Point • Select
A mouse illustration, a moving pointer, and a short cursor trail showing
movement across a surface.
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Microphone: Turning Sound into Digital Signals Clearly
S O U N D B E C O M E S D ATA
A microphone converts sound waves into an electrical signal
for processing.
An analog signal changes continuously, like the original
sound wave.
ADC
An analog-to-digital converter, or ADC, changes it into digital
values.
SOUND → SIGNAL → DIGITAL
Microphones support calls and recording, but noise can
reduce sound quality.
A left-to-right pipeline: sound wave → microphone → ADC block → digital bits.
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Speech Recognition: Using Voice as Computer Input
VOICE TO COMMAND
Speech recognition software turns spoken language into
written text or commands.
It analyzes audio patterns and compares them with learned
language models.
VOICE
MODEL
TEXT
Dictation and voice assistants can save time and support
accessibility.
DICTATION
VOICE ASSISTANT
Accuracy depends on noise, accent, microphone quality, and
surrounding context.
Three-step diagram Voice → Recognition Model → Text / Command, with sound
waves and example assistant labels.
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Scanner: Converting Paper Documents into Digital Files
PA P E R B E C O M E S D I G I TA L
A scanner records reflected light from paper and creates a
digital image.
A CCD or CMOS sensor measures light levels across the
document.
IMAGE
Optical character recognition, or OCR, converts printed
letters into editable text.
Scanners are useful for archives and forms, but poor print
can cause errors.
OCR editable text
PAPER → IMAGE → TEXT
A paper document moving through a scanner pipeline into an image file and
editable OCR text.
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Digital Camera: Capturing Images for Computer Processing
LIGHT BECOMES PIXELS
A camera lens focuses light onto a sensor inside the device.
PIXELS
The sensor records tiny picture elements called pixels,
storing colour and brightness.
Files may use JPEG for sharing or RAW for extensive editing.
JPEG
Cameras enable photography, security monitoring, and
computer vision applications in industry.
RAW
Light → Sensor → Image file
A camera icon beside a pixel grid, with two format labels: JPEG and RAW.
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Touch Screens: Direct and Natural User Input
TO U CH T HE INTER FAC E
A touch screen combines visual output with direct control of
the interface.
Capacitive screens detect changes in the electrical field near
a finger.
SWIPE
TAP
Multi-touch recognizes several contact points for gestures
like pinch and swipe.
Touch input feels natural, though fingerprints and inaccurate
taps can frustrate users.
PINCH
A smartphone outline showing a finger tap, swipe arrow, and two-finger pinch
gesture.
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Motion Sensors: Controlling Devices Without Touching Them
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MOVEMENT AS INPUT
Motion sensors measure movement, orientation, distance, or
presence around a device.
ACCEL
An accelerometer detects changes in speed, while a
gyroscope measures rotation.
GYRO
Infrared sensors can detect nearby people or movement
without direct contact.
These sensors support VR, games, smart homes, and
gesture-based control.
IR
GESTURE CONTROL
A VR headset/controller and three labeled sensor chips: Accelerometer,
Gyroscope, IR.
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How Input Devices Connect to Computer Systems
H A R D WA R E T O S O F T WA R E
Devices use wired or wireless interfaces to send input to
computers.
USB provides a common cable connection, while Bluetooth
works wirelessly.
DEVICE
INTERFACE
OS
Embedded boards can read sensors through generalpurpose input/output, or GPIO.
USB
BLUETOOTH
GPIO
A device driver lets the operating system work with specific
hardware.
DRIVER • INTERRUPT • RESPONSE
Interrupts notify the processor when an important input
event occurs.
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Flow diagram Device → USB / Bluetooth / GPIO → Controller / Driver → Operating
System.
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From Physical Actions to Digital Data Signals
SIGNAL AND SAMPLING
Physical actions become electrical signals that electronics can
measure and interpret.
S A MP L E R AT E
NO I S E
Sampling means measuring a changing signal at regular
time intervals.
A higher sampling rate can capture faster changes more
accurately.
Electrical noise and poor timing may hide details or cause
errors.
signal over time
A smooth wave with evenly spaced sample dots, plus small labels for sample rate
and noise.
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A Typical Office: Multiple Inputs Working Together
O N E W O R K S TAT I O N , M A N Y I N P U T S
The keyboard and mouse handle writing, selecting, and
moving through documents.
A microphone captures the employee’s voice during
meetings or dictation.
SCANNER
A scanner converts signed forms into digital files for storage.
A camera sends live video during remote meetings and
interviews.
Together, these inputs let one computer support many office
tasks.
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ONE PC · MANY INPUTS
An illustrated office desk with computer, keyboard, mouse, webcam, microphone,
and scanner linked to one PC.
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Emerging Trends: More Natural Ways to Interact
W H AT C O M E S N E X T ?
Voice input helps people interact when typing is difficult or
inconvenient.
Gesture control recognizes movements, often using a camera
or motion sensor.
Eye tracking estimates where a person is looking on the
screen.
Artificial intelligence can adapt input systems to language
and context.
New interfaces aim to improve accessibility, speed, and
natural interaction.
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VOI CE
GEST URE
EY E TRACK
AI
NATURAL • ACCESSIBLE • ADAPTIVE
Four trend icons—voice, hand gesture, eye tracking, AI—connected by a fine
network line.
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Key Takeaways: Choosing the Right Input Device
C H O O S E F O R T H E TA S K
Choose a device based on the data, task, environment, and
user.
Keyboard and mouse remain effective for precise everyday
computer work.
Microphones, cameras, and scanners capture different realworld information for digital processing.
TEXT
SOUND
IMAGE
MOTION
Touch screens and motion sensors create flexible ways to
control systems.
Good input design balances accuracy, speed, cost, comfort,
and accessibility.
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TASK + ACCURACY + COMFORT
A four-category summary grid with device icons and a small checklist: task,
accuracy, comfort, access.
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Questions for Discussion and Quick Reflection Together
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YOUR TURN
Which input device do you use most often each day, and
why?
When might voice input be more useful than keyboard input?
EVERYDAY USE
What limitations could affect a scanner, microphone, or
camera in practice?
Which emerging input method would you like to try next?
LIMITS
FUTURE TECH
Large question mark and three conversational bubbles labelled Everyday use,
Limits, Future tech.
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