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Preposition power
1. PREPOSITION POWER !!
2. What are PREPOSITIONS?
• Words which show relationships amongother words in the sentence.
• The relationships include direction,
place, time, cause, manner and amount.
3.
PREPOSITIONS OFPLACE
4. ‘‘ AT ’’
• We use “at” to refer to a specific & preciseplace. (when we see it as a point)
• At the bus stop.
At the back of the bus.
At home.
At the bottom of the page.
At the front of the cinema.
5. ‘‘ IN ’’
• We use “in” to refer to something that isinside a space, often with four walls
around it.
• The hammers are in the bag.
There are some cows in the field.
Tim is in the bathtub.
The mouse is in the box.
6. ‘‘ ON ’’
• We use “on” if something is on a horizontal orvertical surface.
• The picture is on the wall.
On the front cover of the magazine.
The spider is on the ceiling.
We are travelling on the road.
7. ‘‘ UNDER ’’
√ To describe something that is physicallylower than another thing. In many cases you
can use “below” as well.
• They stood under a tree (= below its branches) to avoid
getting wet.
Her shoes were under the bed.
8. ‘‘ ABOVE ’’
√ To describe a point on a scale (such as athermometer) that is higher than the starting
point.
• Fifteen degrees above zero.
100 meters above sea level
√ To refer to an object that is higher than
another object.
There is a light above your desk.
There is a mirror above the washbasin.
9. ‘‘ BELOW ’’
√ To describe a point on a scale (such as athermometer) that is lower than the starting
point
• Three degrees below zero.
Twenty metres below sea level.
The author's name was printed below the title.
10. ‘‘ NEAR / NEARBY / CLOSE TO’’
√ Near & Close to: To describe things that arewithin a short distance of one another.
• Jane’s house is close to/near the beach.
√ Nearby = not far away
• I noticed a policeman standing nearby.
Incorrect: I noticed a policeman standing nearby to
the vehicle/ nearby the vehicle
• Trainer’s Note: Nearby is used with only one point
of reference.
11. ‘‘ NEXT TO / BESIDE ’’
√ To describe something that is very closeto another thing, and almost touching that
thing.
• He sat next to me at my birthday party.
Go and sit beside the dog.
Trainer’s Note: Do not use ‘Besides’ !
It means except/other than.
Eg: Do you play any other sports besides football?
12. ‘‘ BETWEEN vs. AMONG ’’
√ Between: To describe something that is betweentwo people/places/groups
• A pile of books lay between the students
A narrow path ran between two rows of houses
√ Among: To describe something that is in the middle of
many things.
• The green apple is among the red ones.
13. ‘‘ OPPOSITE’’
√ We use “opposite” for two things that arefacing one another.
• They sat opposite each other in the meeting room.
Our office is right opposite the police station.
Trainer’s Note: Do not say ‘opposite to the police station’
14. Hmmm….
I was just wondering..15.
In the bed OR On the bed ??Both.
ON the bed = laying (or standing/sitting) on top of the covers of the bed.
IN the bed = between the covers, retired for the night, and preparing to
sleep; or possibly between the covers and resting due to sickness, etc.
In the corner OR At the corner ??
We say 'in the corner of a room', but 'at the corner (or 'on the corner') of
a street‘
16. Describe the room using all the prepositions of place
17.
PREPOSITIONS OFTIME
18. ‘‘ AT ’’
√ Used with time of the day.“He comes to the office at 8:30 a.m.”
At night; At weekend(s);
At + holidays (Christmas)
“My husband sleeps well at night”.
“We used to give each other presents at
Christmas”
Used with precise time.
“Call me later – I’m busy at the moment!”
“Lets meet at lunchtime, shall we?”
19. ‘‘ ON ’’
√ Used with days (days ofthe week/other days).
• “What do you enjoy doing on rainy
days?”
• “I’ve never worked on Sunday in
my life.”
• “On the 3rd of June we are flying
to Canada”.
20. ‘‘ IN ’’
√ Used with seasons.“In summer children usually have holidays.”
√ Used with months, years, centuries etc.
“When’s your Birthday? – In August.”
“First Coca-Cola was bottled in 19th century.”
“In the 2015 I will learn to drive a car.”
√ Used with “the morning”, “the evening”, “the afternoon” (but not “night”!)
“Many people wake up early in the morning – I wake up in the afternoon”
21. Hmmm….
I was just wondering..22.
On Monday morning or in Monday morning?On, never in if there is a name of the day of the week.
At Christmas or on Christmas?
Both: On Christmas refers exactly to the Christmas day, At Christmas
means during the holiday itself.
At, on or in the next week?
No preposition is used with « next », « last », « this », today, tomorrow, every
day.
23. ‘‘ DURING, UNTIL ’’
√ During is used with nouns to say whensomething happens (in the process of a
period of time).
“We saw a lot of penguins during our trip to
South Africa.”
√ Until is used to say how long something
lasts (until specifies the end of an action).
“In on vacation until the next Wednesday.”
24. ‘‘ FOR, SINCE’’
√ For + period of time is used to highlight theduration.
“I’ve taught English for more than 4 years.”
√ Since + starting point is used to show when
something begins
“I’ve taught English since graduating from HighSchool.”
25. Hmmm….
I was just wondering..26.
Until or Till?There is no difference between these two.
Use the one you like more
From to or From until?
Once again – no difference!