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The Future of Aviation
1.
Bill AndersonPartnership Manager for Education
Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate
NASA Headquarters
The Future of Aviation
2. Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate Programs
Airspace SystemsVehicle Systems
Aviation Safety and Security
3. Aeronautics Technology Challenges
Aviation Safety
Noise Reduction
Emissions Reduction
System Capacity
New Technologies
4. Challenge: The Need to Continuously Improve Aviation Safety
5040
Business as
usual
Hull loss
accidents per
year*
30
20
Departures, Millions*
10
Reductions
possible with
continued effort
Hull loss accident rate*
[Accidents per million departures]
0
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
*Accident and Departure data through 31 December 2001
2020
5.
Aviation SafetyHuman Factors
Weather
Situational Awareness
6. Synthetic Vision
7.
Automatic Protected Airspace AvoidanceControl
Threshold
Prohibited
Area
Autonomic Control
Invoked
Approved
Flight Path
Predicted
Flight Path
Alerting Threshold
8.
Challenge: Containing Noise Withinthe Airport Boundary
Growth in World Airport Noise Restrictions
All Types of Restrictions
1000
Noise Abatement
Procedures
800
Number of
Restrictions
600
400
200
0
1970
1980
1994
1995
Year
1996
1997
1998
9.
Chevron NozzleNoise Reduction
Airframe Noise
Reduction
Source Noise
Reduction
Aircraft
Operations
10.
Challenge: Minimizing Aviation EmissionsSmog-free
No impact on
global climate
11.
Emissions ReductionMaking engines more efficient
12.
Regenerative Fuel SystemEnergy Storage System
H2 Tank
Weight is a problem
O2 Tank
13.
Challenge: National Airspace SystemApproaching Gridlock
Future ATM Concepts Evaluation Tool (FACET)
14.
Challenge: National Airspace SystemApproaching Gridlock
15.
Increasing Airspace Capacity and EfficiencyCommunity access with small
aircraft/airports
Gate-to-gate air traffic management
capacity & flexibility
Advanced concepts of operation
Human factors
16. Expanded Accessibility to Underutilized Airports and Airspace
An additional5,400 Public Use
Airports
Airports today with “near
all weather” availability
17. Automated Control of Small Aircraft
18.
Personal Air Vehicle ExplorationRural/Regional General Aviation
• Conventional take off and landing
• 5-place, non-pressurized cabin
• 200 mph cruise speed
• 500-mile range
• Near all weather capability
• Target cost of $75,000
19. Personal Air Vehicles
Must be safe, efficient,and low-cost
Roadable Vehicle
20.
Challenge: RevolutionaryTechnologies and New Missions
21. Building Aircraft One Molecule at a Time
22. Mimicking Biology
23. Subsonic Transports
Notional Aircraft24. Supersonic Aircraft
Sonic BoomLow Speed Noise
High Speed Inefficiencies and Emissions
25.
F-15 Visible Sonic Shock Wave26.
F5-E Supersonic BoomDemonstration (SSBD)
F5-E Without Nose Glove
With Nose Glove
27. Vehicles of the Future
28.
Hypersonic AircraftMach 7 – One Mile Per Second
Total flight – 400 miles during 6 minute test
Scramjet Burn - 11 Seconds
Mach 10 – Fall, 2004
X-43A
29. X-43A Video and Animation
Supersonic Combustion Ramjet (Scramjet)Facts
• March 27, 2004
• 2,800 lbs.
• Length 12 ft.
• B-52
• 40,000 feet
• Pegasus Rocket
• 3,500 mph
• 100,000 feet
• Scramjet Power
• Mach 7, 5000 mph
• 10-sec burn
• Gaseous Hydrogen
• No recovery
• Next flight 12/04
• $230M Program
30.
ARESAerial Regional-scale
Environmental Survey of Mars