Direct and indirect speech

1.

2.

• DIRECT
Am, is, are
Shall/will
Can
May
Must
Have/has to
Ought to
• INDIRECT
Was/were
Should/would
Could
Might
• Had to

3. CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE

CHANGES OF ADVERB OF
TIME & PLACE
• DIRECT
NOW
TOMORROW
NEXT WEEK
TONIGHT
TODAY
YESTERDAY
LAST NIGHT
LAST WEEK
HERE
THIS
THESE
• INDIRECT
THEN
THE FOLLOWING DAY
THE FOLLOWING WEEK
THAT NIGHT
THAT DAY
THE DAY BEFORE
THE NIGHT BEFORE
THE WEEK BEFORE
THERE
THAT
THOSE

4. CHANGES OF TENSES

• DIRECT
SIMPLE PRESENT
SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT PERFECT
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
• PRESENT PERFECT
CONT.
• SIMPLE FUTURE
• INDIRECT
SIMPLE PAST
PAST PERFECT
PAST PERFECT
PAST CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT
CONT.
• PAST FUTURE

5. 1. STATEMENT

HE SAID
HE SAID TO ME
HE TOLD ME
THAT
REPORTED WORDS

6. STATEMENT EXAMPLE

• DIRECT
• They said to me: “we are
going to visit Borobudur
tomorrow.”
• Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to
school today.
• Anne told Agus: “My father
got angry with me last night.
• INDIRECT
• They said to me that
they were going to
visit Borobudur the
following day.
• Jeffry said that he
hadn’t gone to
that day.
• Anne told Agus
her father had
angry with her
night before.
school
that
got
the

7. STATEMENT Exception: If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t be any changes in the Reported

(Indirect) speech .
• DIRECT
• Cindy says: “ I will come to
your house tonight.”
• Indra says: “I have seen that
film for twice.”
• “Dessy says: “I meet my
boyfriend every saturday.”
• Chandra says: “I don’t like
sport.”
• INDIRECT
• Cindy says that she
will come to my
house tonight
• Indra says that he
has seen that film
for twice.
• Dessy says that she
meets her boyfriend
every Saturday.
• Chandra says that he
doesn’t like sport.

8.

HE ASKED ME
HE TOLD ME
TO
INFIVITIVE

9. COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECT
• The teacher asked me:
Open your book page 65!”
• Siska asked Manu: “give
me a piece of paper”!
• “Ronny told him: “call me
tonight!
• INDIRECT
• The teacher asked me
to open my book page
65.
• Siska asked Manu to
give her a piece of
paper.
• Ronny told him to
call him that night.

10.

HE ASKED ME
HE TOLD ME
NOT TO
INFIVITIVE

11. COMMAND EXAMPLE

• DIRECT
• Santy asked Edy: Don’t
leave me alone anymore!”
• Valenxia asked Indra:
“Don’t hurt me anymore”!
• “Subhan told them: “Don’t
disturb me!
• INDIRECT
• Santy asked Edy not
to leave her alone
anymore.
• Valenxia asked Indra
not to hurt her
anymore.
• Subhan told them not
to disturb him.

12.

HE ASKED ME
IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT

13. A. Yes/No Question Example

• DIRECT
• Ricky asked Henry: Does
your father work near
here?”
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia:
“have you collected your
homework?”
• Dessy asked William: “can
you accompany me to
Lippo tonight?
• INDIRECT
• Ricky asked Henry
if/whether his father
worked near there.
• Mr. Bean asked Cyntia
if/whether she had
collected her
homework.
• Dessy asked William
if/whether he could
accompany her to
Lippo that night.

14.

HE ASKED ME
WHEN/WHAT S + V + COMPLEMENT
etc.

15. b. Wh- Question Example

• DIRECT
• INDIRECT
• The girl asked me: “Where
Do you come from?”
• The girl asked me
• My father asked my
brother: “Why did you
arrive at home late last
night?”
• My father asked my
• Handy asked the girl:
“what is your favorite
movie star?
• Handy asked the girl
where I came from.
brother why he had
arrived at home late
the night before
what her favorite
movie star was

16.

• DIRECT
• The students said to
the teacher: “We
haven’t done our
assignment.”
• My uncle said to my
sister: “I cannot come
on your birthday
party next month.”
• Patar asked Lina :
“Do you love me?”
• My father asked
me:”Have you prepared
for your final exam?
• Anita told Ver:
“Don’t tell me more
about your
boyfriend!”
• My friend asked her:
“Stay with me
forever!”
• My headmaster asked
me: “ Where do you
live?”