Parts of speech

1.

INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARITEHNICAL UNIVERSITY
Presentation theme: Parts of speech
Excuted : Yespulatova Karina
Accepted: Tomarbaeva S.T

2. Parts of Speech

Learning about the parts of speech is the first step
in grammar study just as learning the letters of the
alphabet is the first step to being able to read and
write. From learning the parts of speech we begin
to understand the use or function of words and how
words are joined together to make meaningful
communication.
To understand what a part of speech is, you must
understand the idea of putting similar things
together into groups or categories. Let's look at
some examples of categories.

3.

COLORS
FRUITS
DRINKS
LANGUAGES
blue
banana
milk
Spanish
red
apple
water
Arabic
yellow
orange
soda
Japanese
green
grape
beer
English
black
lemon
coffee
Korean

4.

Colors, fruits, drinks, and languages are
categories.
The parts of speech are categories used to
organize or classify words according to how they
are used.
We use parts of speech as a way to make it easier
to talk about language.
The philosopher Aristotle and later scientists
studied animals and classified them according to
what they have in common.
For example, eagles, robins and sparrows are
kinds of birds; sharks, salmon and tuna are kinds
of fish; and dogs, horses and elephants are kinds
of mammals. Aristotle and others also studied
language and classified words according to what
they have in common.

5.

We usually use 8 categories or parts of speech to
classify all the words we use in English. This
classification is not perfect. Sometimes it is hard
to tell which category a word belongs in. The
same word may belong in different categories
depending on how it is used.
There may be better ways to classify English
than by using the 8 parts of speech. But this
classification has been used for a long time and
many grammar books use it, so it is easier to
keep on using it. It is possible to speak or learn a
language without knowing the parts of speech,
but for most of us, knowing about parts of
speech makes things easier.

6.

Look at the sentence:
The man surreptitiously entered the room.
You probably don't know the meaning of the word
surreptitiously, but if you know about parts of
speech, you will recognize that it is an adverb and
that it tells you something about how the man
entered the room.
You may still not understand the exact meaning of
the word, but you can understand the whole
sentence better than if you did not know about
parts of speech.

7.

8.

part of speech
Verb
Noun
Adjective
Adverb
function or "job"
example words
example
sentences
action or state
(to) be, have, do,
like, work, sing,
can, must
EnglishClub.com
is a web site. I like
EnglishClub.com.
thing or person
pen, dog, work,
music, town,
London, teacher,
John
This is my dog. He
lives in my house.
We live in London.
describes a noun
a/an, the, 69,
some, good, big,
red, well,
interesting
My dog is big. I
like big dogs.
quickly, silently,
well, badly, very,
really
My dog eats
quickly. When he
is very hungry, he
eats really
quickly.
describes a verb,
adjective or
adverb

9.

part of speech
function or
"job"
example words
example
sentences
Pronoun
replaces a noun
I, you, he, she,
some
Tara is Indian.
She is beautiful.
Preposition
links a noun to
another word
to, at, after, on,
but
We went to
school on
Monday.
and, but, when
I like dogs and I
like cats. I like
cats and dogs. I
like dogs but I
don't like cats.
oh!, ouch!, hi!,
well
Ouch! That
hurts! Hi! How
are you? Well, I
don't know.
Conjunction
joins clauses or
sentences or
words
Interjection
short
exclamation,
sometimes
inserted into a
sentence

10.

Verbs may be treated as two different parts of
speech:
Lexical Verbs (work, like, run)
Auxiliary Verbs (be, have, must)
Determiners may be treated as a separate part
of speech, instead of being categorized under
Adjectives
REMEMBER……..
Each part of speech explains not what the word is,
but how the word is used. In fact, the same word can
be a noun in one sentence and a verb or adjective in
the next.

11. Resources:

www.englishclub.com/grammar/parts-of-
speech.htm
www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/par
tsp.html
eslus.com/LESSONS/GRAMMAR/POS/pos.htm