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Oil and gas industry. Acidizing
1.
Presentation made by excellent trio2.
Outline for our presentationI. Introduction on acidizing.
II.Formation type.
III.Conclusion.
3.
What do we callacidizing?!
The process that involves the injection of chemicals to eat
away at any skin damage, "cleaning up" the formation,
thereby improving the flow of reservoir fluids. A strong acid
(usually hydrochloric acid) is used to dissolve rock formations,
but this acid does not react with the Hydrocarbons. As a result,
the Hydrocarbons are more accessible. Acid can also be used
to clean the wellbore of some scales that form from mineral
laden produced water.
4.
Acidizing background#1 – 120 years
#2 – 1940’s
#3 – Acidizing nowadays
5.
6.
Formation type7.
8.
9.
Knowing the type of formation beingacidized and details
of its composition (mineralogy) is
critical to achieving
positive results. In carbonate
formations, the acid job
design is typically based on the use of
hydrochloric acid
(HCl). The objective when acidizing
carbonate formations
is to dissolve carbonate based
materials to create new
or clean existing pathways or
channels that allow the
formation fluids (oil, gas, and water)
to flow more freely
into the well.
Hydrochloric acid (HCL) molecule
10. When acidizing
The acid is chemically consumed and neutralized as the targetmaterial is dissolved
The acid is pumped through the coiled tubing and into the
productive formation
When pumping any fluid in a well will have natural tendency to
follow the path with the highest permeability
In all above cases when acid job has been pumped the well starts
production
11. After that
Operator should consider by using separate tanks orcontainers to isolate the initial produced fluids
(spent acid and produced water)
It will contain pH of 2-3 approaching neutral pH
Once neutralized, spent acid and produced water can
be handled with other produced water at the production
site
12. Acidizing equipment
13. Cementing & Acidizing Transport (C&A Transport)
Cementing & AcidizingTransport (C&A Transport)
475 HP diesel engine
Able to mix and pump cements, acid, acid
solvents
Designed and fabricated to extreme weather
conditions
14. Slow Rate Pumping Transport
Combines low rate pumping with ability to transport tubing rotationPositive displacement triplex pump
Pre-charge fluid transfer pump
Water heater tank for controlled fluid temperature
Tubing rotator
Pressure valve for safety
Improves first attempt operations
Lowers slurry volumes
Reduces time on location
Increases cost savings
15. Stimulation Pumping Transport
High pressure mixing and pumping abilities932 kW (1250 HP) pumping and complete mixing
12 cylinder diesel engine
Heavy 5 speed automatic transmission
745 kW (1000 HP) input rated pump
Real-time web and data display
Programmable pressure shutdown
Dedicated stimulation service equipment
16. Conclusion
As already mentioned, the oil and gas industry has been usingacid treatment for well over 100 years
As a result, the industry has a great experience with safe handling
and managing these fluids before and after their use
Today, acidizing is one of the most widely used processes for
stimulating oil and gas wells