Injuries to the Eye

1. Injuries to the Eye

By: Mudezzer bin Haji Adnan
Harith Khuzairee Bin Mazlan

2. What is Eye?

Eyes are the organs of vision. They detect light and convert
it into electro-chemical impulses in neurons.
When you look at an object, the light from it enters
your eye through the pupil. The iris changes the size of the
pupil, depending on how bright the light is.
The lens focuses the light onto the back of the eye.

3. Eye Injuries

Damage or trauma inflicted to the eye by external means. The concept includes
both surface injuries and intraocular injuries.
Physical or chemical injuries of the eye can be a serious threat to vision if not
treated appropriately
These types of injuries often occur in the workplace, at home, from other
accidents, or while participating in sports.

4. Classification of Injuries

Injuries
Explanation
Chemical exposures and burns
• Many chemicals, such as soap,
sunscreen, and even tear gas, are not
usually cause permanent damage.
However, acids and alkalis are highly
caustic and may cause severe and
permanent damage to the ocular
surface
Eyelid and eye cuts
• An injury to the eyelid may be a sign of
severe injury to the eye itself.
Foreign object in the eye and corneal
injuries
• A foreign body in the eye may threaten
vision if the object enters the eye itself or
damages the cornea or lens.
• Foreign bodies thrown at high speed by
machining, grinding, or hammering
metal have the highest risk of injuring the
eye.

5. Sign and Symptomps

It depends on the injury itself, but if any of these symptoms presents, an
immediate medical action is required.
Bleeding or other discharge from around the eye
Bruising
Decreased vision
Double vision
Eye pain
Headache
Itchy eyes
Loss of vision, total or partial, one eye or both
Pupils of unequal size
Redness -- bloodshot appearance
Sensation of something in the eye
Sensitivity to light
Stinging or burning in the eye

6. First Aid of Eye Injuries

Injuries
Treatment
SMALL OBJECT ON THE EYE OR EYELID
Tell the person not to rub the eye.
Examine the eye in a well-lighted area. To find the object, have the person look up and down, then from side to
side.
If you cannot find the object, grasp the lower eyelid and gently pull down on it to look under the lower eyelid
If the object is on an eyelid, try to gently flush it out with clean water. If that does not work, try touching a
second cotton-tipped swab to the object to remove it.
OBJECT STUCK OR EMBEDDED IN EYE
Leave the object in place.
Do not try to remove the object.
Do not touch it or apply any pressure to it.
Bandage both eyes.
If the object is large, place a paper cup or cone over the injured eye and tape it in place.
Cover the uninjured eye with gauze or a clean cloth.
If the object is small, cover both eyes with a clean cloth or sterile dressing.
Seek medical help immediately.
CHEMICALS IN THE EYE
• If you suspect chemicals have entered your eye, begin flushing it immediately with cool water and continue to
do so for approximately 15 minutes.
• Seek immediate medical attention
• If possible, take the container of the offending substance with you so that you can tell your doctor what you have
been exposed to.
EYELID CUTS
• Carefully wash the eye. Place a patch over the eye. If the cut is bleeding, apply gentle pressure with a clean, dry
cloth until the bleeding stops.
• Rinse with water, cover with a clean dressing, and place a cold compress on the dressing to reduce pain and
swelling.
• Seek medical help right away. Do not delay.

7. Consequences of improper action

Victim may suffer blindness
Medical officer might not be able to proceeds with the treatment to the
victim
The eye might get infected
The person might need to undergo surgery

8.

Eye Injury Due To Lithium Battery Explosion
(Chemical Exposure)
Foreign Object in eye

9.

Eyelids Cut

10. THANK YOU