Reported speech

1. Reported Speech

2. Direct Speech Reported Speech Bill said (to me), ‘I’m happy.’ Bill said (that) he was happy. ‘She likes me.’ He told me (that)

she liked him.

3. tell me/ us/ him/ her/ them/ Ann I said nothing to him.

tell smb smth
tell me/ us/ him/ her/ them/ Ann
say smth (to smb)
I said nothing to him.

4. Present Simple - Past Simple are - were am / is - was live - lived go - went

Present Simple - Past Simple
are
am / is
live
go
- were
- was
- lived
- went

5. Past Simple - Past Perfect was /were - had been went - had gone

6. Present Perfect - Past Perfect have been - had been has gone - had gone

Present Perfect - Past Perfect
have been has gone -
had been
had gone

7. Present Past Continuous - Continuous am /is going - was going are going - were going

Present
Continuous
-
am /is going
are going
-
Past
Continuous
was going
were going

8. Past Past Continuous - Continuous / Past Perfect Continuous was/were going - had been going

Past
Continuous
-
Past
Continuous /
Past Perfect
Continuous
was/were going - had been going

9. Future Simple - Future in the Past will go - would go

10. Modal verbs can - could may - might must – had to must (приказ или совет) - must should, would, could, had to, mustn’t, might,

had better,
used to – не меняются!

11. Past Perfect – (had gone) Past Perfect Continuous – (had been going) Остаются без изменения!

12. Если глагол в главном предложении стоит в Present Simple, Present Perfect, Future Simple (say, tell, etc), то глагол в

придаточном предложении
остается в том же времени,
что он был и в прямой речи.

13. Reported Orders/ Commands She said to him, ‘Come at 5’. She told him to come at 5. He said to me, ‘Don’t go there.’ He told me

Reported Orders/ Commands
tell smb + (not) to V
She said to him, ‘Come at 5’.
She told him to come at 5.
He said to me, ‘Don’t go there.’
He told me not to go there.

14. Reported Questions

‘Why did
asked Jo.
you buy these shoes?’
Jo asked me why I had bought those
shoes.
‘Are you going out?’ asked Ann.
Ann asked if/whether I was going out.

15. Reported Speech: time and place changes Direct speech Reported speech here there now/ then/ at the moment at that moment

Reported Speech: time and place changes
Direct speech
Reported speech
here
now/
at the moment
tomorrow
next week/month
yesterday
last week
there
then/
at that moment
the next/
the following day
the following week
the day before/
the previous day
the week before

16. Reported speech: pronoun and determiner changes

Direct speech
my
this/that +noun
this/that +verb
these/those +n
these/those +v
V + these/those
Reported speech
his/her
the/that (this dog-the/that dog)
it (This is a…/He said it was a…)
the/those
they (These are …/He said
they were...)
them (…to buy these./He said
he was going to buy them.)