Австралия. Географическое положение и политический строй

1. 12.10.2021г. Здравствуйте! Тема урока «Австралия. Географическое положение и политический строй»

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2.

3.

1. The Commonwealth of Australia is a self governing federal state. It is situated in the south-west of the Pacific ocean,
occupying the continent of Australia and a great number of islands of which Tasmania is the most important. Australia is a
continent-island washed by the Indian and the Pacific Oceans.
2. The country consists of 6 (six) states and 2 (two) territories. 16 million people live in Australia. The capital is Canberra.
The offical language is English.
3. Australia has a Parlament has two chambers, the house of Representatives and the Senate. The government of the country
is headed by the Prime Minister.
4. Australia is not only far from the rest of the world, it also has a bad climate. The climate is better in the east and south-east,
where most big cities have grown-up. But the northen coast has too much rain, and the westen coast is too dry.
5. The highest part of Australia, and almost all the mountains are near the coast. The whole central part of the country is dry;
it never rains, there are no large rivers and no water there. So there is no very rich plant life in Australia, except in the east
and south-east.
6. Australia is an important producer and exporter of primary products: wool, meat, sugar, fruit, black coal, iron, copper, lead,
gold and so on.
7. Most of the factories are situated near big cities. There are 5 (five) big cities in Australia: Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide,
Perth and Brisbane. These cities are also the country's main ports.
8. Canberra was specially planned as a capital. It is a quiet city. All the goverment buildings are situated there. There no
industrial plants in the city. About 300,000 people live in Canberra.
9. Sydney is the oldest and largest city in Australia. It was founded in 1788. Sydney is a big industrial centre. About 3 million
people now live in the city.

4.

Captain James Cook discovered Australia in 1770.
He was sent to discover the huge land that many
people believed was south of the equator. He
landed south of present day Sydney in New South
Wales. He claimed this part of the land for the
King of England.
In 1851 gold was discovered about 300 km
west of Sydney. People rushed to the gold
fields to find their fortunes. This attracted
robbers cold bushrangers.

5.

Australia is situated south of Asia, between the Pacific and the Indian
Oceans. Australia is a continent, a country and an island all the same
time. Australia is located in the southern hemisphere.

6.

Australians really love
nature. They try to protect
their nature and their
animals.

7.

Spring
Summer
September
October
November
December
January
February
Autumn
March
April
May
Winter
June
July
August

8.

Australia has a population of about
18 million people.
Australia is a multicultural society.
People from about 200 nations live there.

9.

The flag of Australia is the only one to
fly over a whole continent. The small
Union Jack represents the historical
link with Britain, the large sevenpointed star represents the six States
and Territories, and the small stars
from the Southern Cross – a prominent
feature of the southern hemisphere
night sky.
Australia's coat of arms – the official
emblem of the Australian Government
– was granted by George V in 1912.
The arms consist of a shield
containing the badges of the six
states. The supporters are native
Australian fauna – a kangaroo and an
emu. A yellow-flowered native plant,
wattle, also appears in the design.

10.

AustrAliA’s officiAl lAnguAge is
English.

11.

Canberra. Parliament.
Perth. Capital of the
state of Western
Australia. One of the
best climates in
Australia. Population
of 1, 200, 000.
Adelaide. Capital of
South Australia. A
pretty and industrial
city. Population of
about 1,100, 000.

12. National colours

In 1984 Australia officially adopted
green and gold as its national colours.

13.

Sydney. Capital of New South
Wales. Australia's oldest and
largest

14.

Brisbane is the capital of Queensland. Tropical
climate makes it a year-round vacation place.

15.

The Aborigines are the
Australian natives
that had been living
there for thousands
and thousands of
years before the first
Europeans came to
Australia.

16.

17.

a) Canberra
b) Sydney
c) Melbourne

18.

a) Christopher Columbus
b) Captain Cook
c) Lewis and Clark

19.

a) Koala
b) Kangaroo
c) Emu
d) All of the above

20.

a ) Sydney
b ) Melbourne
c ) Canberra

21.

REMEMBER
Australia is a continent, country and an island at the same time.
It is the sixth largest country and the smallest continent
in the world.

22. Sport

Australians love to play and watch sports.
In 1956 the Olympic Games were held in
Melbourne and in the year 2000 in Sydney.

23. Выполните следующие упражнения: 1.Read the sentence and say if it is try ore false.

1) Canberra is the home of Australia’s
government.
2) Sydney is the capital of Australia.
3) Sydney is the largest and the oldest city in
Australia.
4) Canberra is a “cyclist’s paradise”.
5) Sydney Opera House is one of the greatest
examples of 20th century.

24. 2. Заполните таблицу.

Capital
Full name
Largest city
Official languages
States and
territories
Population
Races
States
Main cities
Discovered by

25. 3.Complete the sentences and translate :

Australia was discovered in ______ by ________.
The discoverer of Australia claimed it for ___________.
The first settlers were ________________.
People rushed to Australia because _________.
Australia’s is located in __________ hemisphere.
The hottest month in Australia is ________.
About 70 per cent of the population live in the __________.
________ is the capital of Australia.
The Olympic Games were held in Sydney in ___________.
If in London it’s 8 a.m., in Sydney it is _______.
People in Australia speak ________.
Australia became independent in _____.

26. 4. Complete the text about Australia with the missing words: sharks, Aborigines, Opera House, platypus, crocodiles, jellyfish,

Internet, cricket , Harbour Bridge, sheep, prison, Olympics, snakes,
telephone, koala, kangaroo, cattle, cars, radio, plane, spiders school
Australia, which in Latin means southern land, was nicknamed “Land Down Under” and “Aussie”.
It is a country, an island and a continent. It is also the world’s smallest continent and the sixthlargest country. But less than 20 million people live there. The first people there were
A___________ . In the 18th century the British explorer, Captain James Cook, claimed the land for
Britain. At first Australia was used as ________. Criminals from Britain were sent there. The
British influence is still very strong. The official language is English. __________ drive on the left,
and the national game is _______.
Australia was cut off from the other continents a long time ago, so a lot of Australia’s animals, like
the k______, the k______ and the p______ aren’t found anywhere else. Australia also has some
of the most dangerous animals in the world. There are poisonous s______ and s______. In the
north there are huge saltwater c______, and in the sea, around the coast, there are s______ and
poisonous j_______.
The largest city is Sydney with its famous _______ _______ and _______ _______. The 2000
O_______ were held in Sydney. But Sydney isn’t the capital of Australia. The capital is Canberra.
Australia is a huge county, but most Australians live in the south-east corner between Sydney and
Melbourne. This is because 90% of the land is very dry. Australians call this dry area the outback.
There are some huge farms there with millions of s______ and c_______. The children who live
on these farms can’t go to _________, because the nearest town is too far away. They study at
home with the School of the Air. They talk to their teachers by the r_____ and, nowadays, by
t______, the I_______ and webcams, too. There is also a “flying doctor” service. The doctor
comes to you by _____.
Australia is a rich country. Meat, fruit, vegetables, wool and wine are made there. Gold, silver,
copper, coal, and diamonds are found there, too.