Maimonides

1. Maimonides

MAIMONIDES

2.

Ministry of education and science of the Russian
Federation
“Penza State University”
Medical institute
Department of History
Course work
History of Medicine
Topic :Maimonides
Done by Student: Mohamad Houssien Jawad
Group : 19LC4(a)
Controlled by: ass. Of History department
The course paper defended with
Mark: ……………………………...
Teachers : ……………………
Defense date : ……………….
2020

3.

Introduction
Maimonides (1138—1204) Maimonides is a medieval Jewish
philosopher with considerable influence on Jewish thought,
and on philosophy in general. Maimonides also was an
important codifier of Jewish law. His views and writings hold a
prominent place in Jewish intellectual history.

4. Biography

BIOGRAPHY
Moses Maimonides, original name Moses ben Maimon, also
called Rambam, Arabic name Abū ʿImran Mūsā ibn Maymūn
ibn ʿUbayd Allāh, (born March 30, 1135, Córdoba [Spain]—
died December 13, 1204, Egypt), Jewish philosopher, jurist,
and physician, the foremost intellectual figure
of medieval Judaism.

5.

His first major work, begun at age 23 and completed 10 years
later, was a commentary on the Mishna, the collected Jewish
oral laws. A monumental code of Jewish law followed in
Hebrew, The Guide for the Perplexed in Arabic, and numerous
other works, many of major importance. His contributions
in religion, philosophy, and medicine have influenced Jewish
and non-Jewish scholars alike.

6.

Maimonides was born into a distinguished family
in Córdoba (Cordova), Spain. The young Moses studied with
his learned father, Maimon, and other masters and at an early
age astonished his teachers by his remarkable depth and
versatility. Before Moses reached his 13th birthday, his
peaceful world was suddenly disturbed by the ravages of war
and persecution.
As part of Islamic Spain, Córdoba had accorded its citizens full
religious freedom. But now the Islamic Mediterranean world
was shaken by a revolutionary and fanatical Islamic sect,
the Almohads (Arabic: al-Muwaḥḥidūn, “the Unitarians”), who
captured Córdoba in 1148, leaving the
Jewish community faced with the grim alternative of
submitting to Islam or leaving the city. The Maimons
temporized by practicing their Judaism in the privacy of their
homes, while disguising their ways in public as far as possible

7.

As part of Islamic Spain, Córdoba had accorded its citizens full
religious freedom. But now the Islamic Mediterranean world
was shaken by a revolutionary and fanatical Islamic sect,
the Almohads (Arabic: al-Muwaḥḥidūn, “the Unitarians”), who
captured Córdoba in 1148, leaving the
Jewish community faced with the grim alternative of
submitting to Islam or leaving the city. The Maimons
temporized by practicing their Judaism in the privacy of their
homes, while disguising their ways in public as far as possible

8.

to appear like Muslims. They remained in Córdoba for some 11
years, and Maimonides continued his education in Judaic
studies as well as in the scientific disciplines in vogue at the
time.
When the double life proved too irksome to maintain in
Córdoba, the Maimon family finally left the city about 1159 to
settle in Fez, Morocco. Although it was also under Almohad
rule, Fez was presumably more promising than Córdoba
because there the Maimons would be strangers, and their
disguise would be more likely to go undetected. Moses
continued his studies in his favourite subjects, rabbinics and
Greek philosophy, and added medicine to them. Fez proved to
be no more than a short respite, however. In 1165 Rabbi Judah
ibn Shoshan, with whom Moses had studied, was arrested as a
practicing Jew and was found guilty and then executed.

9.

Moses continued his studies in his favourite
subjects, rabbinics and Greek philosophy, and added medicine
to them. Fez proved to be no more than a short respite,
however. In 1165 Rabbi Judah ibn Shoshan, with whom Moses
had studied, was arrested as a practicing Jew and was found
guilty and then executed.

10. Contribution of medicine

CONTRIBUTION OF MEDICINE
The great medieval Jewish philosopher
Moses Maimonides was also a practicing physician
who contributed a number of important works
to medical literature. Modern students of these treatises have
made extravagant claims about Maimonides' scientific
outlook and have attributed to him important discoveries and
innovations.

11. Conclusion

CONCLUSION
Maimonides’ advanced views aroused opposition during his lifetime and
after his death. In 1233 one zealot, Rabbi Solomon of Montpellier, in
southern France, instigated the church authorities to burn The Guide for
the Perplexed as a dangerously heretical book. But the controversy
abated after some time, and Maimonides came to be recognized as a
pillar of the traditional faith—his creed became part of the orthodox
liturgy—as well as the greatest of the Jewish philosophers.
Maimonides’ epoch-making influence on Judaism extended also to the
larger world. His philosophic work, translated into Latin, influenced the
great medieval Scholastic writers, and even later thinkers, such
as Benedict de Spinoza and G.W. Leibniz, found in his work a source for
some of their ideas. His medical writings constitute a significant chapter
in the history of medical science.

12. Reference

REFERENCE
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"Moses Maimonides – Jewish philosopher, scholar, and physician".
^ "Hebrew Date Converter – 14th of Nisan, 4895 – Hebcal Jewish Calendar".
^ "Hebrew Date Converter – 14th of Nisan, 4898 – Hebcal Jewish Calendar".
^ Goldin, Hyman E. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch – Code of Jewish Law, Foreword to the New Edition. (New York:
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^ "H-Net". Archived from the original on 2007-10-09. Retrieved 2007-05-06.
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^ Maimonides: Abū ʿImrān Mūsā [Moses] ibn ʿUbayd Allāh [Maymūn] al‐Qurṭubī www.islamsci.mcgill.ca
^ A Biographical and Historiographical Critique of Moses Maimonides Archived May 24, 2013, at
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^ S. R. Simon (1999). "Moses Maimonides: medieval physician and scholar". Arch Intern Med. 159 (16):
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^ Athar Yawar Email Address (2008). "Maimonides's medicine". The Lancet. 371 (9615):
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^ Date of 1138 of the Common Era being the date of birth given by Maimonides himself, in the very last
chapter and comment made by Maimonides in his Commentary of the Mishnah, Maimonides (1967),
s.v. Uktzin 3:12 (end), and where he writes: "I began to write this composition when I was twenty-three
years old, and I completed it in Egypt while I was aged thirty, which year is the 1,479th year of
the Seleucid era (1168 CE)."
^ Joel E. Kramer, "Moses Maimonides: An Intellectual Portrait," p. 47 note 1. In Kenneth Seeskin, ed.
(September 2005). The Cambridge Companion to Maimonides.