Washington Monument

1. Washington Monument

Completed: Pushpashev M
Loginov D
2017

2. George Washington Memorial

George Washington Memorial
was created in the image of
the classical Egyptian obelisk.
He towers over the city, being
one of the highest stone
constructions in the world. 50
Flags surround the base of the
memorial and symbolize the
50 states of the Union. If you
go up the elevator (лифт) to
the top of the pyramid, from
the windows of the
observation deck (смотровая
площадка) open views
(виды)of the Lincoln
Memorial, the White House,
Thomas Jefferson Memorial
and the Capitol Building.

3. The first premise*

The first call for the
construction of the
Washington Monument came
back in 1783, when the
Continental Congress decided
that there should be the
equestrian statue (конная
статуя) in honor of the great
general who had just led to
the victory of his army
volunteers in the War of
Independence. But the new
country had other problems
and limited resources, and at
the time of Washington's
death in 1799 is no
monument to the most
revered man of America has
not been delivered (не было
поставлено)
* - первые предпосылки

4. Start creating*

In 1833, prominent residents
of the capital (видные
жители столицы) have
created an organization called
the Society of the National
Monument George
Washington to raise money
(чтобы собрать деньги) for
the construction of the
obelisk, which we see today.
* - начало создания

5. Project selection

In 1836, the Company
commissioned (поручило) the
architects to propose a monument
projects. The winner was an
engineer-architect Robert Mills. The
initial design of the monument,
designed by Robert Mills, has
undergone significant changes
(претерпел значительные
изменения) during construction
due to limited funds. The current
view of the monument has little to
do with the complex design of Mills,
which is a combination of elements
of Greek and Egyptian architecture
and involves the construction of
600-foot obelisk surrounded by
columns pantheon diameter 250
and height of 100 feet.

6.

Between the columns were
supposed to be 30 niches
(ниши), which eventually had
to be put statues of
prominent (видные)
Americans. Figure Washington
wearing a toga and control
triumphal chariot
(колесница), he was to serve
as the entrance decoration
(служить украшением
входа).

7. Start of construction

The foundation of the
monument stone was laid
(был заложен) July 4, 1848
(Independence Day in the
US), and has been used is the
paddle (лопатка), which he
used during the laying of the
Capitol, Washington 55 years
earlier

8.

The first obelisk few years has
grown rapidly (быстро рос),
but most of the work was
interrupted (прервалось) in
the mid-1850s, when the
height of the monument was
raised to 46 meters: there was
a threat of civil war

9. Completion

In 1876, Congress
appropriated funds
(ассигновал фонды) to
complete construction.
December 6, 1884 was set the
last keystone (замковый
камень). The official opening
ceremony took place on the
platform just a few meters
from the spire.

10.

So he stands now, towering
over Washington. The height
of 169.3 meters, width
(ширина) 16.8 meters at the
base and at the apex
(у вершины) of 10.5 m. The
wall thickness (толщина
стен) of 4.6 m at the base and
46 cm at the top. It weighs
79,590 tons. In 1888, it was
installed a steam (паровой)
elevator, which in 1901 gave
way (уступил) to electric.

11. Different color marble top and bottom*

Because of failures (неудачи)
in building the monument
stood 25 years incomplete,
about 150 feet high. Work
resumed in 1880. However,
once again delivered marble
slabs (поставляемые
мраморные плитки) were
from another quarry
(каменоломня). The
difference in the color of the
marble cladding notes the
"old" and "new" part of the
obelisk. Marble was supplied
from three different quarries,
and it was impossible to
choose the perfect color for
the old and new rock.
* - Разные цвета мрамора
нижней и верхней части

12. Pond nearby*

Between the George
Washington Memorial and the
Lincoln Memorial is a Mirror
Pond (зеркальный пруд). This
pond is 2000 feet long and 160
feet wide contains 7 million
gallons of water. It was created
in the likeness of bodies of
water (по подобию водоемов)
in Versailles and Taj Mahal.
Pond device (устройство)
minimizes the anxiety
(волнение) on the surface
(поверхность) of the water and
increases the sharpness
(резкость) of the water
reflection (отражение) of the
monument.
* - пруд по соседству

13. Thank you for attention