Past Perfect Tense. English Grammar

1.

English Grammar

2.

I
You
He / She / It
We / You / They
Had
had (not)
(hadn’t)
you
Past
Participle
P. Parti?
Examples:
You had studied English before you moved to New York.
Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
You had not studied English before you moved to New York.

3.

by 6 o’clock yesterday – вчера к 6
часам
by 9 a.m. yesterday – вчера к 9
утра
before he came – до того, как он
пришёл
by that time – к тому времени
after - после того, как
by the end of the year – к концу
года, etc.

4.

Глагол в форме Past Perfect выражает
действие, которое завершилось до
определенного момента или другого действия
в прошлом.
They had finished the work by 6 o'clock yesterday.
— Они закончили работу вчера к 6 часам.
Mary had got asleep before her mother came
home.— Мэри уснула прежде, чем её мама
пришла домой.
Past Perfect образуется с помощью
вспомогательного глагола had и III формы
основного глагола.
S had V3

5.

Обратите внимание!
Past Perfect употребляется для выражения
предшествования. Если описываются
действия, которые следовали друг за другом,
употребляется Past Simple.
Сравните:
She did some shopping, came home and
cooked dinner. — Она сделала покупки,
пришла домой и приготовила ужин.
Before she cooked dinner, she had done
some shopping. — Прежде чем она
приготовила ужин, она сделала покупки.

6.

+
?
-
S had + V3. Had S + V3? S had not + V3.
(+) He had read the book, before he saw the film.
(?)Had he read the book before he saw the film?
(-) He hadn’t read the book, before he saw the film.

7.

S had V3
Sam
Sam had painted the picture
by 7 o’clock yesterday.

8.

Roman
Roman had cooked dinner
by 6 o’clock yesterday.

9.

Take off
Arrive
Mrs. Evans
The plane had taken off before Mrs.
Evans arrived at the airport.

10.

Sally
Fall asleep
Sally had fallen asleep before her
father came home.

11.

The students had made cakes by 9 p.m.

12.

1. She ……. (never see) a bear before she …... (move) to Alaska.
2. We …… (miss) the beginning of the play because it ….. (already start) when
we arrived.
3. I …… (not recognize) my old teacher because we.....(not see) each other for
15 years.
4. When I ……(arrive) at her house I found she ……. (go out) so nobody was
there.
5. My brother ……. (eat) all the cake before we …….. (get) home.
6. I ……. (understand) the film because I ……. (read) the book before.
7. Before she …… (buy) the flat she …… (look around) it several times.
8. I …… (not have) my book because I……. (lose) it the day before.
9. I ……. (study) English for two years before I …… (move) to N.Y.
10. When the accident ……. (happen) that lorry was driving like a lunatic. I ……
(never see) a lorry travelling so fast!

13.

Когда прибыла полиция, мы уже поймали вора.
Джэк закончил тест до того, как прозвенел звонок.
Когда Анна пришла, чтобы пожелать спокойной ночи, ее дети уже спали.
Смит уже приготовила ужин, когда ее муж пришел домой с работы.
Когда Брэд и Сюзан поженились, они знали друг друга три года.
Ей не понравился фильм, потому что она прочитала до этого книгу.
Наша квартира была в беспорядке, потому что у меня накануне ночью был
день рожденья.
Мы не пошли в ресторан, так как потратили все деньги на одежду.
Мэри не могла кататься на коньках после того, как сломала ногу.
Ларри опоздал, так как застрял в дорожной пробке.
Розы погибли, потому что я не поливала их несколько недель.
Когда мы пришли в кинотеатр, фильм уже начался.
Боб опоздал на поезд, потому что забыл свой паспорт.
Электричество было отключено, так как мы не оплатили счет.
Студент был счастлив, так как сдал все экзамены.

14.

. Не (to study) French before he (to enter) the university.
2. Lanny (to say) that he (to get) his education in Cape Town.
3. The boy (to want) to act the main part in the play because he (to organize) the theatre.
4. Lanny (not to know) who (to attack) him in the darkness.
5. The girl (to be) glad that she (to find) a seat near the window.
6. Suddenly he (to remember) that he (not to ring) her up in the morning.
7. By the time the train (to reach) the city, he (to make) friends with many passengers.
8. When his uncle (to leave), he (to hurry) to the station to book a ticket.
9. She (to think) that Gert and Lanny (to quarrel).
10. By the time we (to come) to see him, he (to return) home.
11. During the holidays my friend (to visit) the village where he (to live) in his childhood.
12. When they (to enter) the hall, the performance already (to begin).
13. When I came home, my mother (to tell) me that she (to receive) a letter from grandfather.
14. Where you (to work) before you (to enter) the institute?
15. By two o'clock the teacher (to examine) all the students.
16. On my way to school I (to remember) that I (to leave) my report at home.
17. All my friends (to be) glad to hear that I (to pass) all the examinations successfully.
18. He (to open) his eyes, (to look) around and (to try) to remember what (to happen) to him.
19. All the passengers (to see) at once that the old man (to travel) a great deal in his life.
1

15.

1. They (to tell) me yesterday that you (to get) an excellent mark.
2. When you (to receive) a letter from your friend?
3. Our grandmother (to cook) dinner from twelve till three yesterday.
4. Look! What beautiful flowers she (to buy)!
5. They (to travel) along the coast of Africa last year.
6. We (not to see) each other for ages.
7. They (to eat) all the apples which I (to bring).
8. When the children (to have) dinner, they (to go) for a walk.
9. Last summer we (to live) in the country and (to go) to the river every day.
10. My sister (to spend) a lot of money yesterday.
11. She is so upset: she (to lose) the key to the front door.
12. By the 1st of September all the children (to return) from the country.
13. Columbus (to discover) America 500 years ago.
14. Columbus (not to know) that he (to discover) America.
15.I already (to read) five English books.
16. He (to discuss) the problem with a lot of people before he (to take) a decision.
17. Mother (to bake) a delicious cake! Sit down at the table and let's eat it!
18. She (to read) an English book the whole evening yesterday.
19. I never (to be) to Greece.
20. You ever (to be) to the Niagara Falls?
21. At this time yesterday they (to sit) on the sofa and (to listen) to their grandmother who (to tell) them fairy-tales.
22. My friend just (to ring) me up from London.
23. I (to stand) at the tram-stop when it (to begin) raining.
24. We (not to skate) since last winter.