Presentation_of_the_main_engine_fuel_pumps_Microsoft_Руденко_В_ВPowerPoint

1.

pumps
A FUEL PUMP IS ONE OF THE
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF ANY
VEHICLE. IT IS DESIGNED TO
TRANSPORT FUEL FROM THE
FUEL TANK DIRECTLY TO THE
ENGINE. IN THE MODERN
AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY, VARIOUS
TYPES OF FUEL PUMPS ARE
USED, DIFFERING BOTH IN
FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE AND IN
DESIGN FEATURES. THE ARTICLE
DISCUSSES THEIR MAIN
VARIETIES, DEVICE, PRINCIPLE OF
OPERATION AND FUNCTIONS
PERFORMED.

2.

Classification
The most commonly used classification of fuel
pumps – by engine type – was given above.
However, other signs are also used that make
it possible to divide the mechanism under
consideration into types. For example,
according to the location in the car,
submersible pumps are distinguished, which
are installed directly in the fuel tank, and
pumps mounted directly to the engine power
plant.
According to the type of drive, fuel pumps are
divided into mechanical and electric. The first
type is used in carburetor engines and older
models of diesel units.

3.

General structure of the fuel injection
The pump has a complex
pump
structure, but you can
understand the principle of its
operation if you want. First of
all, you should know what the
fuel injection pump consists of:
Camshaft
Plungers
Rail
Discharge valve
Low pressure fuel pump
High pressure main

4.

Fuel injection pump device
When the key is turned, the starter rotates the
crankshaft, which transmits the drive to the
camshaft of the pump. It sets the fuel injection
pump in motion, and its rotation is converted into
the reciprocating motion of the pushers.
The booster pump, through the filter, fills the
cavities of the fuel line in the upper part of the fuel
injection pump housing with fuel.The pusher
moves the plunger up, and the spring returns it to
its original position.
The plunger is a long piston with an inclined
channel on its surface. When it moves to the
bottom dead center, a portion of fuel enters the
cylinder from the main line. When directed
upward, the discharge valve is triggered under
pressure - fuel under high pressure goes to the
injector.

5.

How to identify fuel injection pump
You can tell that there is a
faults
problem with the high-pressure
fuel pump circuit by the
following main signs:
Fuel consumption has
increased
Difficulty starting the engine
Noticeable drop in power and
dynamics
Increased smoke from exhaust
gases
Fuel leaks at the joints of the
high-pressure line.

6.

Fuel injection pump repair
Repair work is carried out on a dismantled
pump, but if the problem is only in the
sealing ring, it can be replaced without
removing the device. In distribution types, it is
enough to disconnect the high-pressure lines
and loosen the fastening of the plunger pair.
Then the dried-out ring is cut, and a new one
is put on in its place, rolling it along the body
of the plunger pair.
When repairing pumps, all their features are
taken into account. At the same time, a
general scheme has been developed,
including the following stages:
Pre-cleaning.
Disassembly
Defect detection and sorting of parts
Determining the causes of problems
Preliminary determination of the cost of repairs
Direct repair
Assembly
Adjustment
Tests

7.

Fuel dosage in the injection pump
When studying the engine
fuel injection pump, it is
necessary to take into
account the features of the
unit from the position of
supplying the combustible
mixture. According to the
dosing principle, they are:
with a cut-off at the final
stage
providing throttling on the
feed
mixed

8.

main pumps
The mechanism with a mainline layout
assumes the presence of one, two,
sometimes three plungers. The entire
process of monitoring and adjusting
the injection in this case is assigned to
the ECU, which simplifies the design.
The pump is relieved of the tasks of
dosing, as well as the injection
moment. It should only supply fuel
under pressure to the common
accumulator. And the supply is
carried out by rotating the shaft,
which makes the plungers movable.

9.

Operating principle of the fuel injection
The camshaft receives rotation through the
pump
injection
advance clutch and gear
transmission from the crankshaft. When the
camshaft rotates, the cam runs onto the
pusher and displaces it, and it, in turn,
compresses the spring, lifting the plunger.
When the plunger is lifted, it first closes the
inlet channel, and then begins to displace
the fuel located above it. The fuel is
displaced through the discharge valve,
opened by pressure, and goes to the
injector.
When the plunger moves upward, the screw
channel located on it coincides with the
drain channel in the sleeve. The remaining
fuel located above the plunger begins to
drain through the axial, radial and screw
channels in the plunger and the drain
channel in the sleeve. When the plunger is
lowered, the inlet channel opens due to the
spring, and the volume above the plunger is
filled with fuel from the booster pump.

10.

Additional fuel injection pump units
Injection advance clutch — serves to
change the injection advance angle
depending on the revolutions.
According to the operating principle, it
is a mechanism using centrifugal force.
Device:
Leading half coupling
Slave half coupling
Cargo
Tension springs for loads
Load support pins

11.

Thank you for your attention, the
presentation was made by Rudenko
V.V.