EARTH IS A GIANT MAGNET

1.

2. Earth as a Giant Magnet 

Earth as a Giant
Magnet
Grade 8B Boys
Javohir Farhodovich Yunusov
Yaxyobek Akmaljon o’g’li Axmedov

3. OBJECTIVES

• Explain that Earth behaves like a giant magnet with a magnetic
field surrounding it.
• Describe the location and role of the North and South magnetic
poles.
• Discuss how movement of molten iron and nickel in Earth’s outer
core generates the magnetic field.
• Show how compasses use Earth’s magnetic field for navigation.
• Explain how Earth’s magnetic field protects the planet from
harmful solar wind and radiation.
• Differentiate between Earth’s geographic poles and magnetic
poles.

4.

• Earth acts as a giant, tilted bar magnet, creating
a
protective
magnetic
field
called
the magnetosphere.
• Generated by molten iron in the outer core
(the geodynamo effect), this field influences
magnets
by
aligning
them
north-south,
enabling compass navigation.
• The Earth's magnetic north pole is actually near
the geographic South Pole.

5.

6.

• Earth acts like a giant magnet because it has a magnetic field that
surrounds the planet. This magnetic field is created by the
movement of molten metals, mainly iron and nickel, inside Earth’s
outer core. Just like a bar magnet, Earth has two magnetic poles—
North and South. The magnetic field extends far into space and
helps guide compasses for navigation. It also protects Earth from
harmful charged particles coming from the Sun.

7.

Earth's magnetic field is
generated
by
a
geodynamo process,
where
convection
currents of molten iron
and nickel in the outer
core create electrical
currents, producing a
magnetic field. Heat
from the inner core
and the Earth's rotation
drives this, creating a
self-sustaining
electromagnetic field

8.

9. Key Differences in Poles

• Geographic Poles: The fixed points (North
and South) of the Earth’s rotation.
• Magnetic Poles: The shifting points where
the magnetic field lines enter and leave the
Earth

10.

• Earth’s geographic poles
are fixed, physical points
on the planet's axis of
rotation, while magnetic
poles
are
shifting,
temporary
locations
where Earth's magnetic
field
points
vertically
down.
The
North
Geographic Pole (True
North) is at 90°N latitude,
while the North Magnetic
Pole currently resides in
the Arctic Ocean, moving
roughly 50-60 km annually.

11.

Earth’s
magnetic
field,
or magnetosphere, acts as a
protective shield (similar to a
force field or "space umbrella")
by deflecting charged particles
from the sun—known as solar
wind—around
the
planet,
preventing them from eroding
our
atmosphere
and
bombarding the surface with
harmful radiation. This magnetic
barrier
is
created
by
a
"geodynamo" from the motion
of molten iron in the Earth's
outer core.

12.

• Compasses use Earth’s magnetic field for navigation by utilizing
a small, magnetized needle that aligns with the planet's
magnetic field lines. This needle, acting as a miniature magnet,
interacts with Earth's magnetic force, typically pointing towards
magnetic north, allowing users to determine cardinal directions