Regulation of metabolism

1. Regulation of metabolism

2. Metabolism

3. Hormones

4.

5. Insuline

6. The formation of active insulin

7. Insulin receptor

8. Insulin

The signal for Target
secretion
organs
Increasing
Liver
the
concentration
of glucose
Muscles
in the blood
Changes in metabolism
in target cells
1. The acceleration of glycogen synthesis
2. The acceleration of protein synthesis
3. Inhibition of gluconeogenesis
1. The acceleration of glycogen synthesis
2. The acceleration of protein synthesis
3. The acceleration of glucose transport into
the cell
Adipose
tissue
1. The acceleration of fat synthesis from
glucose
2. The acceleration of glucose transport into
the cell

9. Glucagon

10. Glucagon receptor

11. Glucagon

The
signal
Target
Changes
Сигнал для секреции
Органы-мишени Изменения
for secretion
organs
in metabolism
метаболизма в in
клетках-мишенях
target
cells
Понижение
Печень
1. Ускорение
Lowering
1. The распада
acceleration
концентрации Liver
blood
glucose
of glycogen
breakdown
глюкозы
в крови
гликогена
Ускорение
levels
2. The 2.
acceleration
глюконеогенеза
of gluconeogenesis
Жировая ткань Ускорение
Adipose The acceleration
липолиза
tissue
of lipolysis

12. Adrenaline

13. Adrenaline recertors

14. Adrenaline

The signal for
secretion
Signal of CNS
Target organs
Liver
Muscles
Adipose tissue
Changes
in metabolism in
target cells
The acceleration
of glycogen
breakdown
The acceleration
of glycogen
breakdown
The acceleration
of lipolysis

15. Cortisol

16. The regulation of cortisol synthesis

17. Cortisol receptor

18. Cortisol

The signal for
Target
Changes in metabolism in
organs
target cells
secretion
1. Acceleration
The
Liver
of gluconeogenesis
concentration
of glucose in the
2. Induction of synthesis of
the enzymes of
blood mediated
gluconeogenesis and amino
by corticotropin
acids catabolism
Muscles 1. The acceleration of the
amino acids catabolism
2. Reducing the rate of
the amino acids transport

19. Changes in metabolism in starvation

20. Changes in metabolism in starvation

21. The main manifestations of diabetes

Decreased synthesis and deposition
of glycogen and fat
Hyperglycemia
Hyperlipoproteinemia
Ketonemia
Azotemia and azoturia
Polyuria and polydipsia

22. Protein glycosylation

23.

24. Cushing’s disease

25. REGULATION OF PHOSPHORUS AND CALCIUM METABOLISM

26. Calcium metabolism

1000 mg
200 mg
200 mg
Intestine
Blood
Kidneys
200
mg
800 mg
Sceleton
200 mg

27. Phosphorus metabolism

1000 mg
800 mg
800 mg
Intestine
Blood
Kidneys
200mg
Sceleton
800 mg

28. Parathyroid hormone

29. Vitamin D3

30. Vitamin D3 activation

Cholesterol
(skin)
Vitamin D
(cholecalciferol)
25-hydroxycholecalciferol
(liver)
1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
(kidneys)
UV-rays (300-310 nm)
Food
PTH
Са2+

31.

32. Rickets

33.

34. Calcitonin

35. Calcitonin

36. Hormonal regulation of phosphates transport

Parathyroid
hormone
Insulin
_
+
+
Absorption
in the
intestine
+
The bone
resorption
+
1,25-(ОН)2-D3
+
+
Reabsorption
in the tubules
_
Glucagon
+
Growth
hormone

37. The influence of biologically active substances on the phosphates excretion

Substanse
Glucagon
Glucocorticoids
Thyroxine
Growth hormone
Insulin
Serotonin
Catecholamines
Phosphates excretion

38. WATER and SaLT metabolism RENAL BIOCHEMISTRY

39. Water functions

40. Urinalysis

41.

42.

Hematuria
Hemoglobinuria

43.

Urinary stones

44. Vasopressin

45.

46.

47.

48. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

49. Kallikrein-kinin system

50.

angiotensinogen
renin
prorenin
kininogen
angiotensin I
kallikrein
activation
carboxycathepsin
angiotensin II
(rises BP)
deactivation
kinins
(bradykinin,
kallidin)
(lower BP)
ANGIOTENSINASE
INACTIVE
PEPTIDES
INACTIVE
PEPTIDES