New language grammar section

1.

NEW LANGUAGE
GRAMMAR SECTION
SB p. 198-200

2.

Modal Verbs:
to Be (to)'
PLANS AND ARRANGEMENTS
ORDERS
(запланированные действия)
(приказания)
Especially when they are official, formal style.
a) The president is to visit Nigeria next month.
Often used by parents to their children.
b) They are to get a 10 per cent wage rise in June.
a You're to do your homework before you watch
TV.
c) The Queen was to visit Japan last year.
b) Liz, you are not to be back late.
c) Jane is to eat all her supper before she goes out.

3.

To be (to)
To be (to)
instructions and notices (инструкции и
объявления)
(with passive infinitive?)
a This form is to be filled in ink.
b) To be taken 3 times after meals (on a medicine
bottle).
c) These tablets are to be kept out of reach of
children...
Глагол to be (to) может иметь формы
настоящего или прошедшего времени. Для
выражения необходимости совершить что-то
оговоренное в будущем употребляется глагол
to have to: We'll have to arrive earlier than six.
2 passive infinitive - to be + past participle of the
main verb (to be taken, to be filled in, to be
returned)

4.

Divide the sentences into 3 groups:
a) to be = a planned or arranged action; b) to be = an order;
c) to be = a notice or an instruction.
1 Now listen, children! I'll leave you for a second and you are to be quiet until I come back.
2 These tablets are to be taken with a lot of water.
3 The conference is to begin at ten exactly.
4You are to report to the head as soon as you come to work.
5The delegation was to arrive on Saturday, but the time of the arrival was changed.
6 The gate is to be locked after 8 p.m.
7 You are to do the washing up before you leave for the cinema.
8 Dogs are to be kept on a lead.
9 The visit was to last for five days.
10 To be handled with care.

5.

Express the same in English. Use the verb to be.
1. Вам следует поторопиться: зал должен быть готов к началу заседания.
2. Всем вам надлежит остаться после уроков и закончить работу.
3. Инструменты следует оставлять здесь.
4. Принимать с водой или фруктовым соком.
5. Документы должны быть зачитаны в парламенте.
6. Премьер-министр должен посетить нашу страну в августе.
7. Спутник должен был быть запущен в начале лета.
8. Не нагревать (to heat) выше 50 градусов.
9. Ты должен попросить родителей зайти в школу.
10. Эта проблема должна быть решена правительством в ближайшем будущем.

6.

Need
ordinary verb
modal verb
-S. Everybody needs to rest sometimes.
(quite rare these days except for needn't which is common)
She says she needs me.
do/does Do we need to reserve seats on the train?
She says she doesn't need me any more.
to
We don't need to talk to them again.
John, you don't have much time. You need to hurry up.
He needn't explain anything - we understand the situation.
We needn't reserve seats - there'll be plenty of room on the
train.
- Must I pay cash?
- No, you needn't. We take cards.

7.

Read the sentences and say in which of them
need is a modal verb and in which it isn't.
1. How much bread do you need for your sandwiches?
2. You needn't shout: I can hear you.
3. Everyone in this world needs love and care.
4. We needn't help Alex: he will manage the job perfectly well.
5. I don't think I need to tell you that Alice's holiday was a huge success.
6. I give advice only when it's needed.
7. I didn't need any extra time and completed the test very quickly.
8. Must I call back? - No, you needn't. I'll call you myself.
9. The kids needn't go to bed early: they have no classes tomorrow.

8.

Express the same in English. Use the verb need.
1. Нам не нужно покупать сегодня продукты, мы идем обедать в ресторан.
2. Кому-нибудь нужен чудесный серый котенок?
3. Не надо спешить, до поезда еще три часа.
4. Я понимал, что Сэм нуждается в моей помощи.
5. Нам не нужна еще одна актриса на эту роль.
6. Не нужно говорить об этом снова, я все помню.
7. Вам нужны новые копии этого текста?
8. Если нам не надо сегодня готовить уроки, давайте сходим в кино.

9.

Complete the sentences with needn't or shouldn't.
FOR EXAMPLE: You needn't explain anything: I understand.
(Не надо ничего объяснять, я все понимаю.)
You shouldn't explain anything: you'll be wrongly understood.
(Не надо (не советую) ничего объяснять, тебя неправильно поймут.)
1. You ... take a taxi, we have plenty of time.
2. Children ... spend so much time in front of the television.
3. Tell your mother that she worry: it's bad for her heart.
4. You ... worry, dear, I'm sure that everything's going to be just fine.
5. Your friend ... stay here for the night, I'll take him home in my car.
6. Little children ... be allowed to walk the streets not accompanied by grown-ups.
7. Young people forget that they'll be old one day.
8. You ... mention this again: I'll never forget it.
9. Mr Anderson .... book a room in the hotel: they can stay with us.