Form of government

1.

STATE FORM
HAIDAR SAFA
19LC4a

2.

Form of government
A government is a system of order for a nation, state, or another political unit. Some of the different
types of government include a direct democracy, a representative democracy, socialism,
communism, a monarchy, an oligarchy, and an autocracy.

3.

Types of Governments
To understand what a government is, one can look at different types of governments and understand
their features.
There are many types of governments. In order to distinguish one type of government from another,
two basic questions need to be asked: First, who governs? That is, who is in control of the rules.
Second, how much government control is allowed in a particular system? With these two bits of
information, people can classify different types of government.

4.

5.

Features of a Government
All types of governments have two features: means of coercion and a means of collecting revenue.
Means of coercion means that all governments have to have some mechanism by which they get
individuals to go along with the rules. The United States uses a series of means of coercion, including
threats of criminal or civil legal punishment to compel desirable behaviors.
In authoritarian regimes, governments might use threats of violence or dismantling of individual
liberties to achieve compliance. All governments use some form of tools like these to enforce the rules.

6.

There are three examples:
In an autocracy, the government is led by a single leader, such as a king or a dictator. In today’s world, one
might think of Saudi Arabia or Cuba in this category.
In an oligarchy, a small group of people maintains power over the rules. This could be a group of military
officers, landowners, a single family, or wealthy merchants. Today, one might classify China, or Turkey as
oligarchies.
In a democracy, the populace has some influence over the rules and decision-making. Modern
democracies include the United Kingdom, India, Norway, New Zealand, Canada, Ireland, and the United
States.

7.

FORM OF STATE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE
The term territorial state is used to refer to a state, typical of the High Middle Ages, since around
1000 AD, and "other large-scale complex organizations that attained size, stability, capacity, efficiency,
and territorial reach not seen since antiquity. The term territorial state is also understood as “coercionwielding organizations that are distinct from households and kinship groups and exercise clear
priority in some respects over all other organizations within substantial territories. Organizations such
as city-states, empires, and theocracies along with many a number of other governmental
organizations are considered territorial states, yet does not include tribes, lineages, firms, or churches
alike.
Unlike the old lordships organised as a personal union, the sovereignty of a territorial state was based
on its land or territory and not on membership of a dynastic family or other personally-related rights.
Juridical sovereignty is not necessarily required as the main characteristic of statehood. The modern
understanding of sovereignty, which was introduced in the 16th century, did not exist until the 19th
century and so did not yet apply. Rather, a territorial state reflects the exclusive use of physical force
within some type of geographic territory.

8.

Unlike the old lordships organised as a personal union, the sovereignty of a territorial state was based
on its land or territory and not on membership of a dynastic family or other personally-related rights.
Juridical sovereignty is not necessarily required as the main characteristic of statehood. The modern
understanding of sovereignty, which was introduced in the 16th century, did not exist until the 19th
century and so did not yet apply. Rather, a territorial state reflects the exclusive use of physical force
within some type of geographic territory.

9.

STATE TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE
Distinguished are four types of territory
-Public territories
Beaches, sidewalks, and hotel lobbies are public territories. Occasionally, because of discrimination or
unacceptable behavior, public territories are closed to some individuals. Retail stores, for example,
are public territories open to anyone.
-Home territories
The area in which an animal normally ranges.
-Interactional territories
A place where people congregate informally.
-Body territories
Examples include your bedroom or a family's dwelling. The psychological importance of primary
territories to their owners is always high.

10.

Predecessors of the territorial state:
Ancient Egypt
India
Inca
Tarascan State
Rise of the territorial state
Coercion
Capital
Unification
Cartography

11.

Early Modern Gunpowder Empires:
-Ottoman Empire
-Safavid Empire
-China

12.

conclusion
Governance is, as we have been arguing throughout, the process of making and implementing collective
decisions for a society. We have also been arguing that, although the governance debate involves a number of
questions about the role of social actors in that process, government remains a central, if not the central actor,
in the process. We do not say this simply because we are terribly old-fashioned neanderthals who will not admit
that the world has changed. We know very well that the world of governing has changed, but there are
empirical and normative realities that make us believe that we need to understand the institutions of
government if we are to understand governance in a democratic society.