Anat.osteologiya_1

1.

Toshkent Tibbiyot
Akademiyasi
“Academics”
Toshkent-2021

2.

Anatomiya.Osteologiya
Mavzu:Anatomik sathlar,o’qlar. Umumiy
osteologiya. Umurtqalar anatomiyasi(1qism)

3.

Reja:
I. Anatomik sathlar va o’qlar
II. Osteologiya, terminologiya
III.Suyak turlari va tuzilishi
IV.Umurtqalar

4.

Anatomik sathlar
1. Frontal sath (Planum frontale)
oldingi( anterior, ventralis)
orqa (posterior, dorsalis)
2. Sagittal sath (planum sagittale)
o’ng(dexter)
chap(sinister)
3. Gorizontal sath (planum horizontale)
yuqori(superior)
past(inferior)
Sagital yuza – markaziy chiziq sifatida qaraladi

5.

Anatomik o’qlar
1. Sagittal o’q (axis sagittalis)
- oldindan orqaga
2. Frontal o’q (axis frontalis)
- chapdan o’ngga
3. Vertikal o’q (axis verticalis)
-yuqoridan pastga

6.

Superior – yuqorigi
Inferior – pastki
Anterior, ventralis – oldingi
posterior, dorsalis – orqa
Medialis – medial( markaziy liniyaga yaqin)
Lateralis – lateral( markaz liniyadan uzoq)
Intermedius – o’rta
Proximalis – birikish joyiga yaqin
Distalis – birikish joyidan uzoq
Superficialis- yuzaki, sirtqi
Profundus - chuqur
Major – katta
Minor – kichik
Longus – uzun
Brevis – kalta
Centralis – markaziy
Peripherious – chetki( periferik )

7.

Osteologiya
Suyaklar funksiyasi:
1. Mexanik funksiyasi:
• Tana uchun tayanch
• Ichki a’zolarni himoya qilish
• Harakat (richag)
2. Biologik
• Mineral
almashinuvi
• Qon ishlash

8.

Osteologiya |Suyaklar
ichki tuzilishi
Substantia
composita
Substantia
spongiosa
Cavitas
medullaris
Medulla
ossium
rubra
flava

9.

Suyaklar klassifikatsiyasi
1.Ossa
longa
2.Ossa
brevia
4.Ossa
irregularia
3.Ossa
plana
Naysimon
G’ovak
Naysimon
G’ovak
Bosh
suyaklari
Qo’l
kamari
yelka
son
to’sh
qovurg’a
kaft
barmoq
kaftusti
to’piq
tepa
kurak
5.Ossa
pneumatica
umurtqa
chakka

10.

Uzun suyak qismlari
1. Diaphysis
2. Epiphysis
• Proximalis
• Distalis
3 .Metaphysis

11.

Tana skeleti
Sistema skeletale
Skeleton axiale
Skeleton
appendiculare
Cranium
Ossa
membri
superioris
Columna
vertebralis
Ossa
thoracis
Ossa
membri
inferioris

12.

Umurtqa pog’onasi
Umurtqalar
erkin
bo’yin|vertebrae
cervicalis (7)
ko’krak|v.
thoracicae (12)
bel|vertebrae
lumbales (5)
qo’shilib ketgan
dumg’aza|os
sacrum (5)
dum|os coccygis
(3-5)

13.

Umurtqalarning umumiy tuzilishi
Umurtqa tanasi|
corpus vertebrae
Umurtqa yoyi|
arcus vertebrae
Umurtqa o’siqlari|
processus vertebrae

14.

I.corpus vertebrae

15.

II.Arcus vertebrae
Pedunculi arcus vertebrae
Lamina arcus vertebrae

16.

Foramen vertebrale

17.

III.Processus vertebrae
Processus
spinosus
Processus
transversus
Processus
articularis
superior et
inferior

18.

Processus spinosus

19.

Processus transversus

20.

Processus articularis

21.

Foramen intervertebrale

22.

Facies articularis superior
Facies aricularis inferior

23.

Bo’yin umurtqalari
Tuzilishiga ko’ra
tipik
atipik

24.

Tipik bo’yin umurtqalarining
boshqa umurtqalardan farqi
Corpus vertebrae
Foramen vertebrale
Processus spinosus
Processus articularis
Processus transversus

25.

Corpus vertebrae

26.

27.

Foramen vertebrale

28.

Processus spinosus

29.

Processus articularis
Processus articularislar frontal va gorizontal
tekislik orasida joylashgan

30.

Processus transversus
Processus tuberculum
anterior
Processus tuberculum
posterior

31.

Sulcus nervi
spinalis
Foramen
transversarium
a.vertebralis
a.caroticus

32.

Atipik bo’yin umurtqalarining tipik
bo’yin umurtqalardan farqi
Processus transversus
sulcus nervi spinalis
yo’q
tuberculum posterius
et anterius yo’q
tipik
atipik

33.

Atlasning tuzilishi
qismlari
Arcus anterior
Massae laterale
Arcus posterior

34.

Arcus anterior
qismlari
Tuberculum
anterius
Fovea
dentis

35.

Arcus posterior
qismlari
Tuberculum
posterius
sulcus
a.vertebralis

36.

Massae laterale
qismlari
Facies
articularis
superior et
inferior
Processus
transversus
Foramen
transversariu
m

37.

Axisning tuzlishi
qismlari
corpus
arcus
Facies
articularis
superior et
inferior
Processus
transversus
Processus
spinosus

38.

Corpus
dens
Apex dentis
Dens
Ligamentum
transversum atlantis
Facies articularis
anterior
Facies articularis
posterior
Facies articularis
posterior

39.

Ko’krak umurtqalari
qismlari
Corpus (1)
Processus
spinosus (3)
Processus
transversus
(4)
Processus
articularis (5)

40.

Ko’krak umurtqalari
qismlari
Corpus (1)
Processus
spinosus (3)
Processus
transversus (4)
Processus
articularis (5)

41.

Corpus
Fovea costalis
inferior
Fovea costalis
superior
Fovea costalis
joylashish tartibi

42.

Processus spinosus

43.

Processus transversus
Fovea costalis
processus transversus

44.

Processus articularis
Processus articularis
inferior
Facies articularis
inferior

45.

Processus articularis
Processus
articularis inferior
Facies articularis
inferior

46.

Processus articularislar Frontal sathda joylashgan

47.

Bel umurtqalari
qismlari
corpus
Foramen
vertebrale
Processus
spinosus
Processus
transversus
Processus
articularis

48.

Processus articularislar sagittal
sathda joylashgan
sagittal
gorizontal