Lec02 BasicsCSpart01

1. CII1SE15CI-Z17 Introduction to Programming C#

Edip ŞENYÜREK
1

2. Hardware Software Operating System

2

3. Computer Hardware

3

4. Desktop Computer Parts

4

5. Notebook Computer Parts

5

6. What’s a Computer?

• A computer is a device that processes data and computes results under
the direction of a program
• Notice that the computer does nothing by itself
• It is told what to do by a program (software)
• Program refers to a specific set of instructions given to the computer to
accomplish a specific task
• Compute the sum of N numbers
• Find min/max of N numbers
• Sort numbers
• Compute average grade of a class
• Find the shortest path between 2 cities
• …
• Programs, in general, are referred to as software.
6

7. Program (Software)

• Conceptually a program is a step-by-step solution to a problem
• Also named an algorithm
• A well-defined computational procedure that takes some values (data) as
input and produces some results as output
Input (DATA)
ALGORITHM
Output (Results)
7

8. More on Software

Algorithm Steps
IP
Step1
Step2
Step3
Step4
Step5
DATA
StepN
Pseudo-code (Human-readable)
8

9. Basic Computer Structure

9

10. Hardware

• The computer
components, such as
monitors, printers,
keyboards, and some
other of its electronic is
called hardware.
10

11. The System Unit (Computer Case)

11

12. The Connectors

12

13. Typical Desktop PC Connections

13

14. Hardware (Computer Architecture)

CPU
Memory
System
Input/Output (I/O)
Devices
Bus
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Executes instructions
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Stores volatile data
• Input/Output (I/O) Devices
• Keyboard, Monitor, Disk, Mouse, Network Card, …
• Used to input/output data
14

15. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• The Central Processing
Unit (CPU) or processor
is the portion of a
computer system that
carries out the instructions
of a computer program,
and is the primary element
carrying out the computer's
functions.
15

16. CPU

• CPU is the brain of the computer.
• Executes instructions specified by the program.
• Computers with higher CPU clock frequencies are faster.
(Hz)
• Most of the CPU’s are now 64-bit.
16

17. Central Processing Unit (CPU)

IP
Control
Unit
Registers
ALU/
FPU
System Bus
Bus Interface
17

18. Components of CPU

• A CPU is composed of three subunits:
• Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
• Control Unit (CU)
• Registers
• ALU performs arithmetic (addition, subtraction, etc.) and logic
(e.g. comparison of two numbers) operations.
• Registers are local, high-speed storage for the processor.
• CU manages the movement of data within the processor.
18

19. CII1SE15CI-Z17 Introduction to Programming C#

Edip ŞENYÜREK
Thank you!!!
19