Правила чтения в английском языке

1.

Английский алфавит
№
БУКВА
ТРАНСКРИПЦИЯ
№
БУКВА
ТРАНСКРИПЦИЯ
1.
Aa
[ ei ]
14. N n
[ en ]
2.
Bb
[ bi: ]
15. O o
[ əu ]
3.
Cc
[ si: ]
16. P p
[ pi: ]
4.
Dd
[di: ]
17. Q q
[ kju: ]
5.
Ee
[ i: ]
18. R r
[ a:(r) ]
6.
Ff
[ ef ]
19. S s
[ es ]
7.
Gg
[ d3i: ]
20. T t
[ ti: ]
8.
Hh
[ eit∫ ]
21. U u
[ ju: ]
9.
Ii
[ ai ]
22. V v
[ vi: ]
10. J j
[ d3ei ]
23. W w
['dΛblju:]
11. K k
[ kei ]
24. X x
[ eks ]
12. L l
[ el ]
25. Y y
[ wai ]
13. M m
[ em ]
26. Z z
[ zed ]

2.

Чтение гласных букв
В конце слова
Алфавитное
название буквы
гласная
согласная
гласная + r
гласная +re
(+ согласная)
I
II
III
IV
А а [ ei ]
[ ei ] take
[ æ ] cat
[ a: ] car
[ εə ] care
O o [ əu ]
[ əu ] rose
[ ɔ ] dog
[ ɔ: ] for
[ ɔ: ] more
U u [ ju: ]
[ ju: ] use
[ Λ ] cup
[ ə: ] fur
[ uə ] sure
E e [ i: ]
[ i: ] Pete
[ e ] pet
[ ə: ] her
[ iə ] here
I i / Y y [ ai /
wai ]
[ ai ] Mike
[ ai ] fly
[ i ] pig
[ i ] system
http://study-english.info/reading_rules.php
[ aiə ] tyre

3.

Чтение гласных буквоcочетаний
oo
ee
ea
Исключения:
au
ey
[ʊ]
look, book, cook, good, foot
[ lʊk ] [ bʊk ] [ kʊk ] [ ɡʊd ]
[ fʊt ]
[ uː ]
pool, school, Zoo, too
[ puːl ] [ skuːl ] [ zuː ] [ tuː ]
[ iː ]
see, bee, tree, three, meet
[ ˈsiː ] [ biː ] [ triː ] [ θriː ]
[ miːt ]
[ iː ]
tea, meet, eat, read, speak
[ tiː ] [ miːt ] [ iːt ] [ riːd ]
[ spiːk ]
[e]
bread, head, breakfast,
healthy
[ bred ] [ hed ] [ ˈbrekfəst ]
[ ˈhelθi ]
away, play, say, may
[ əˈweɪ ] [ pleɪ ] [ ˈseɪ ] [ meɪ ]
grey, they
[ ɡreɪ ] [ ˈðeɪ ]
[ eɪ ]

4.

Чтение согласных буквосочетаний
ck
[k]
black, stick
[ blæk ] [ stɪk ]
ng
[ŋ]
sing, bring, ring, reading
[ sɪŋ ] [ brɪŋ ] [ rɪŋ ] [ ˈriːdɪŋ ]
sh
[ʃ]
[f]
[v]
[ð]
[θ]
[t]
[w]
[h]
she, shop, fish
[ ʃi ] [ ʃɒp ] [ fɪʃ ]
phone, photograph
[ fəʊn ] [ ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf ]
nephew
[ ˈnevjuː ]
this, that, the
[ ðɪs ] [ ðæt ] [ ði: ]
thank, thick
[ θæŋk ] [ θɪk ]
Thames
[ ˈtemz ]
when, white, why
[ wen ] [ waɪt ] [ waɪ ]
who
[ huː ]
ph
th
wh
Исключение:
http://study-english.info/reading_rules.php

5.

Чтение согласных буквосочетаний
kn
[n]
know, knife
[ nəʊ ] [ naɪf ]
wr
[r]
write, wrong
[ ˈraɪt ] [ rɒŋ ]
[f]
enough
[ ɪˈnʌf ]
[-]
high
[ haɪ ]
[n]
sign
[ saɪn ]
[s]
possible
[ ˈpɒsəbəl ]
[ʃ]
pressure
[ ˈpreʃə ]
[ sk ]
screen
[ skriːn ]
[s]
scene
[ siːn ]
gh
gn
ss
sc
http://study-english.info/reading_rules.php

6.

Чтение согласных буквосочетаний
nk
[ ŋk ]
think
[ ˈθɪŋk ]
[ tʃ ]
chess
[ tʃes ]
[k]
chemistry
[ ˈkemɪstri ]
[ʃ]
machine
[ məˈʃiːn ]
tch
[ tʃ ]
match
[ mætʃ ]
qu
[ kw ]
question
[ ˈkwestʃən ]
ch
http://study-english.info/reading_rules.php