The concept of human health

1.

The concept of human health:
individual and public health. The level
of health of the population and
methods of its evaluation
PRESENTED BY –ANIKET RAGHUWANSHI .
192-B
SCIENTIFIC ADVICER –SVETALANA MAM

2.

What is meant by health?
HEALTH: AS OFFICIALLY DEFINED BY THE
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION, A STATE OF COMPLETE
PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING, NOT
MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE OR INFIRMITY

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4.

The concept of human
health
1.Historical concepts
. AS EVIDENT FROM MEDICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL
DOCUMENTS OF THE SIXTH TO FOURTH CENTURIES B.C., THE
ANCIENT GREEKS WERE THE FIRST TO BREAK WITH THE
SUPERNATURAL CONCEPTIONS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE
THAT HAD SO FAR DOMINATED HUMAN SOCIETI

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2: Modern concepts of
health
HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) DEFINED HEALTH WITH A
PHRASE THAT MODERN AUTHORITIES STILL APPLY. “HEALTH IS A
STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND SOCIAL WELLBEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE OR
INFIRMITY

6.

Four distinct conceptions of health emerged from
responses to the "how do you know" question:
physical, psychosocial, capacity, and control.
While prevalence varied with survey year as well
as respondent age and education, these four
concepts were evident in both 1995 and 2002.

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Types of human health
MENTAL AND PHYSICAL HEALTH ARE PROBABLY THE
TWO MOST FREQUENTLY DISCUSSED TYPES OF HEALTH.
SPIRITUAL, EMOTIONAL, AND FINANCIAL HEALTH ALSO
CONTRIBUTE TO OVERALL HEALTH. MEDICAL EXPERTS
HAVE LINKED THESE TO LOWER STRESS LEVELS AND
IMPROVED MENTAL AND PHYSICAL WELL-BEING

8.

CONCEPTS OF INDIVIDUAL HEALTH
INDIVIDUAL RESOURCES FOR HEALTH CAN
INCLUDE: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, HEALTHFUL DIET,
SOCIAL TIES, RESILIENCY, POSITIVE EMOTIONS,
AND AUTONOMY.

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Concepts of public
health
PUBLIC HEALTH HAS BEEN DEFINED AS "THE SCIENCE AND ART OF
PREVENTING DISEASE”, PROLONGING LIFE AND IMPROVING QUALITY OF
LIFE THROUGH ORGANIZED EFFORTS AND INFORMED CHOICES OF SOCIETY,
ORGANIZATIONS, PUBLIC AND PRIVATE, COMMUNITIES AND INDIVIDUALS

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The level of health in
population
THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION'S COMMISSION ON
SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH, REPORTED IN 2008,
THAT THE SDOH FACTORS WERE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
BULK OF DISEASES AND INJURIES AND THESE WERE THE
MAJOR CAUSES OF HEALTH INEQUITIES IN ALL
COUNTRIES.[3] IN THE US, SDOH WERE ESTIMATED TO
ACCOUNT FOR 70% OF AVOIDABLE MORTALITY

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Method of devlopment of
Level of human health
EVALUATION IS A KEY WORD IN ANY HEALTH
PROMOTION PROGRAMME WITHOUT WHICH IT
IS DIFFICULT TO KNOW IF THE PROPOSED
OBJECTIVES WERE MET, IF THE RESOURCES
WERE RATIONALLY USED AND, IF CHANGES
ARE NEEDED TO IMPROVE EFFECTIVENESS

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Qualitative methodology
For many qualitative researchers, more important than the
establishment of a hierarchy, is the choice of the appropriate
methodology8. Among qualitative methods, focus group
techniques have become very popular in the health arena. For
the present study this technique was chosen because focus
groups are particularly useful as they may be used to explore
organisational barriers to successful implementations and
gather general views

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Quantitative methodology
Within the quantitative field, a hierarchy of evidence
has been established which provide methodological
rigour to assess results and then provide the insight
needed for interpreting them. Randomised controlled
trials are on the top of hierarchy of experimental
studies

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Process observation
Process observation is a formative model of
evaluation in which the evaluator's task is to
provide description of the steps of intervention
and in particular of the value of perspectives of
participants. It is an important tool to
understand the dynamic of the initiative

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Why evaluation is
important ?
EVALUATION OF HEALTH PROMOTION INTERVENTIONS IS
ESSENTIAL IN ORDER TO COLLECT EVIDENCE ABOUT THE EFFICACY
OF A PROGRAM, IDENTIFY WAYS TO IMPROVE PRACTICE,
JUSTIFY THE USE OF RESOURCES, AND IDENTIFY UNEXPECTED
OUTCOMES. THIS PAPER CLARIFIES THE ROLE OF EVALUATION AS
A CRUCIAL COMPONENT OF HEALTH
PROMOTION INTERVENTIONS

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References about topic
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