Present Perfect

1.

2.

3.

Present Perfect - это действие, которое
завершилось к моменту речи и его результат
имеет значение в настоящий момент.
I have cooked dinner. Let's eat.
have/has+V3
1)Могут использоваться указатели времени:
Today,this week/month/year,
this morning/afternoon/evening,

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2. Наречия, у которых размыты рамки времени и
частотности.
I have just heard something. Have you?
Могут употребляться наречия:
already уже
lately недавно
just только что
by now к этому времени
up to now до сих пор
yet ещё
never никогда
ever когда-либо
seldom редко
often часто

5.

You
already
played
enough.
Youhave
already
(play)
enough.
Get
Get
back
den!
back
intointo
thethe
den!
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6.

The
Thetea
teaisishot.
hot.I have
I just just
(boil)boiled
the
the
water.
water.
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7.

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Present Perfect Continuous - это действие,
которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в
течение некоторого времени и либо
закончилось непосредственно перед
разговором или все еще продолжается в
момент разговора.
I have been waiting here for 2 hours!
have/has+been+Ving
We have been preparing for our exam since
morning.

9.

Present Perfect Continuous
Утвердительные предложения:
I have been playing
You have been playing
He / she / it has been playing
Вопросительные предложения:
We have been playing
You have been playing
They have been playing
Have I been playing?
Have we been
playing?
Have you been playing?
Have you been playing?
Has he / she / it been playing?
Have they been playing?
Отрицательные предложения:
I have not been playing
We have not been playing
You have not been playing
You have not been playing
He / she / it has not been playing They have not been playing

10.

Let me
I have
been
sitting
Let out!
me out!
I (sit)
here
heresince
sinceyesterday.
yesterday.
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11.

TheThe
birds
have
been
singing
their
birds
(sing)
their
lovely
lovely
songs
since
spring
came.
songs
since
spring
came.
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Important notes
1)Present Perfect употребляется вместо Present
Perfect Continuous с глаголами, которые не
употребляются в длительной форме.
К ним относятся глаголы, обозначающие ментальный процесс
(know - знать, like - нравиться, understand - понимать, believe верить, need - нуждаться) и глаголы, которые выражают
чувства и эмоции (hear - слышать, smell - нюхать, taste чувствовать вкус, hate - ненавидеть, want - хотеть), глаголы
состояния( be-быть, have-иметь)
Colin has always needed somebody's
countenance. Колин всегда нуждался в
моральной поддержке от кого-нибудь.

13.

(be)
friends
for for
WeWe
have
been
friends
a long
time.
a long
time.
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14.

We
known
Wehave
(know)
eacheach
otherother
sincesince
the
the
born.
cat cat
waswas
born.
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15.

You
have already
seen
You
already
(see) the
chocolate
theNow
chocolate
bar.
eat bar. Now eat
your
vegetables.
your
vegetables.
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16.

2)Однако, в разговорной речи можно
встретить глаголы, выражающие эмоции при
описании временных ситуаций, а также для
придания речи более яркого оттенка.
I have been hearing some strange noises
coming from the outside.
Я слышу какие-то странные звуки,
доносящиеся снаружи
3)Важно помнить, что Present Perfect
Continuous обычно не используется с
глаголами, которые выражают
одномоментные действия, например
глаголы to start, to stop, to finish:
Have you finished your report? Ты закончил
отчет?

17.

sorry.
I (not finish)
yet.
I’mI’m
sorry.
I haven’t
finished
yet.
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4) Мы используем Present Perfect для описания
жизненного опыта- для выражения действий или
событий, которые произошли когда-то во время
жизни человека. Обычно используются словамаркеры «never» и «ever».
I have never been to Spain. Я никогда не
был в Испании.
5) C Present Perfect мы обычно используем вопрос
«How much? How many?» — «Сколько?», в то время
как Present Perfect Continuous отвечает на вопрос
«How long?» — «Как долго?».
How many glasses of
water have you drunk today? Сколько
стаканов воды ты выпил сегодня?
How long have you been staying at this
hotel? Как долго ты живешь в этом отеле?

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6)Иногда мы можем использовать обе формы
Present Perfect и Present Perfect Continuous и
смысл предложения не изменится (например, с
глаголами to work, to live)
I’ve worked here for 20 years. Я работаю здесь
двадцать лет.
I’ve been working here for 20 years. Я работаю здесь
двадцать лет.
How long have you lived here? Как долго ты живешь
здесь?
How long have you been living here? Как долго ты
живешь здесь?
7) Present Perfect иногда используется для
выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом
и продолжается в момент речи:
а) указано начало действия since;
б) указан весь период времени for two days, for ten
minutes.
I have known him for ten years. I have known him
since 1990.

20.

Whereisisthe
thetop?
top?I I(climb)
have been
Where
for a
climbing
for a(not
longtotime
andthe
long
time and
reach)
haven’t
top
yet. reached the top yet.
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21.

I (swim)
and fro since
10fro
I have
beento
swimming
to and
o’clock.
since
10 o’clock.
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22.

Where is the basket? I have
(play)been
playing
10 and
o’clock
since 10since
o’clock
(notand
score) a
haven’t
goal yet.scored a goal yet.
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23.

Present Perfect Simple
desired result I have washed the
car. (Result: The car is clean now.)
Present Perfect Progressive
unwanted side effect Why are you so wet?
- I have been washing the car. (side effect: I
became wet when I was washing the car. It
does not matter whether the car is clean
now.)
since the last time
I haven't played that game for
years. (Meaning: It's years ago that I last
played that game.)
since the beginning
I haven't been playing that game for an
hour, only for 10 minutes. (Meaning: It's
not even an hour ago that I started to play
that game.)
permanent
James has lived in this town for 10
years. (Meaning: He is a permanent
resident of this town.)
temporary
James has been living here for a
year. (Meaning: This situation is only
temporary. Maybe he is an exchange
student and only here for one or two
years.)
Result (what / how much / how often)I
have written 5 letters. / I have been to
London twice.
Duration (how long)I have been writing for
an hour.

24.

Ex 1 Choose the best answer:
1. The firemen are outside. They(try)…………… to put
out the fire for the last two hours.
2. Troy is a pilot. He(fly)……………. to many parts of
the world.
3. The baby(sleep)………………. for more than 4 hours.
I think I will wake her up.
4. Alex(go)……………. to Padre Island only once.
5. She(not to take)………………. a bath for two
weeks. She reeks!!!

25.

Ex 1 Choose the best answer:
6. We all want to go home. We(ride)…………. this
bus for over 5 hours.
7. The lost girls haven't been found yet. A crew of
volunteers(search)……………. for them for 2 days.
8. Gabriela(study)……………… a PhD. It took her 6
years, but she finally got her diploma.
9. The lecturer(speak)……………. for more than 1
hour!!! I just want him to finish!!!
10. There is a construction site behind my house.
They(make)…………….. a lot of noise and it is
driving us crazy!!!

26.

Ex 2 Correct the mistakes if any.
1)They are discussing the problem for hours, but has
not solved it yet.
2)Somebody has been playing tennis since 2 o’clock.
3)Is it still raining? No, it have stopped.
4)John has been winning the championship two
times.
5)The boys have fished for 3 hours.
6)How many books have you written?
7)Mike has invited many friends to his birthday
party.
8)He has been hating oranges since his childhood.