Quality Health Education. Responding to Client Needs

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Quality Health Education
Responding to Client Needs
J. Gaspar CSULA Student Health Center

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Presentation Objectives
Identify the leading causes of
death and their risk factors
Describe the role of health
education in relation to selfactualization achievement
Discuss strategies for ensuring
the delivery of quality health
education
Describe CSULA Student Health
Center health education services
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The Link between
Behavior and Health
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Leading Causes of
Death & Their Risk Factors
Leading causes of death (United States, 2005)*
Heart Disease: 652,091
Cancer: 559,312
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases): 143,579
Chronic lower respiratory diseases: 130,933
Accidents (unintentional injuries): 117,809
Diabetes: 75,119
Alzheimer’s disease: 71,599
Influenza/pneumonia: 63,001
Nephritis, etc.: 43,901
Septicemia: 34,136
Leading Causes of Death in
Children and Adolescents
•Accidents
•Heart disease
•Cancer
•Homicide
•Birth defects
•Suicide
Risk factors
Behaviors, attitudes & beliefs, health conditions,
socioeconomic status, environmental influences and other
factors that may negatively impact health status
Lifestyle (i.e., behavior) is the primary risk factor for the
20 top killers
Inactivity, poor diet, behaviors that cause accidents, unsafe sex, etc.
*National Center for Health Statistics (CDC)
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Personal Health
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Health and Wellness
Health
Medical model
Environmental model
Absence of death, disease, discomfort, disability, and
dissatisfaction
Health is influenced by environmental factors including
socioeconomic status (SES) and physical environment
Holistic model
Health is a dynamic interaction between an individual’s
physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual, social, and
environmental wellbeing
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Personal Health
Three central ideas of personal health
Good health requires taking responsibility for one’s
health and making “deliberate” choices and taking
deliberate action to be healthy
Self-efficacy
The conviction that a person can successfully change
his or her behavior in relation to a desired result
Self-efficacy influences
Target behaviors and situations; Amount of effort given;
Length of time devoted to change efforts; Perceptions
Good health involves an interaction of the various
dimensions of wellness
Commitment to good health is a necessary for having a
happy, fulfilling, and productive life
Health Framework for California Public Schools: Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve (Health Framework)
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Health Literacy
Defined as..
“The capacity of an individual to obtain, interpret, and
understand basic health information and services and the
competence to use such information and services in ways that
are health-enhancing.”
Key components
Acceptance of personal responsibility for lifelong health
Respect for and promotion of the health of others
An understanding of the process of growth and development
Informed use of health-related information, products, and
services
Health Framework
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Health Literacy
Health literate individuals
Accept personal responsibility for lifelong health
Respect and promote the health of others
Understand and acknowledge: the impact of their behavior
on others; influence of individuals on the environment;
how the environment can affect health
Understand the process of growth and
development
Committed to healthy living; acknowledge control; apply
health knowledge
Understand and acknowledge common and unique
aspects of growth and development; respect others
Use health-related information, products, and
services in an informed manner
Wise healthcare consumers
Health Framework
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Ensuring Quality in
Health Education
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Education and Credentialing
Health education settings
Healthcare and social assistance settings (50%)
State and local government (20%)
Education
Entry level minimum requirement is a bachelor’s degree in health
education or a related area
Master’s degree is preferred or required depending on setting
Doctoral degree required for administrative and tenure track
teaching positions
Master of Public Health (MPH)
Master of Science, Public Health (MSPH)
Master of Arts (MA) or Master of Science (MS) in a related area
Doctor of Public Health (DrPH)
Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)
Credentialing and certifications
Required or preferred depending on setting
Certified Health Education Specialist
National Commission of Health Education Credentialing, Inc.
Related to job function
Bureau of Labor Statistics (U.S. Department of Labor)
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Health Education Programming
Health educators must be able to apply key models
and theories to their work
National Cancer Institute
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Health Education Programming
National Cancer Institute
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Making Changes
If you’re not thinking about making a change
If you have been thinking about it
Get educated; do a self-assessment; reevaluate
Get more info & weigh the pros and cons
If you’re ready to take action
Choose a target behavior
Set SMART goals to improve your chances of success
Map out how you will get from point ‘A’ to point ‘B’
Get the support of friends and family
Think about solutions to potential barriers
If you’ve started taking action
Specific, Measurable, Attainable/healthy, Rewarding, Time
oriented
Shaping: Set mini goals and take it one step at a time
Develop a realistic plan
Select one or two related behaviors to change
Revisit your goals and change plan
Make necessary modifications
If you’re trying to maintain a change
Find fun and creative ways to maintain positive behaviors
Relapse happens – be prepared
Get help
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Conclusion
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Resources
Health education as an occupation
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor
http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos063.htm
Health education credentialing
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Theory at a Glance – A Guide for Health Promotion Practice
http://www.cancer.gov/theory.pdf
Health education theory
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
Theory at a Glance – A Guide for Health Promotion Practice
http://www.cancer.gov/theory.pdf
J. Gaspar CSULA Student Health Center